The invention provides a steam heat exchanger. The steam heat exchanger comprises a collecting box and steam pipes, the steam pipes extends upwards from the collecting box, the collecting box is provided with a steam inlet and a condensed water outlet, the steam enters the collecting box, then flows upwards from the collecting box and enters the steam pipes, the steam pipes and the outside are subjected to heat exchange to form condensed water, the condensed water returns to the collecting box under the action of gravity, and then flows out from a water returning opening in the lower part of the collecting box; a plurality of steam pipes are arranged, a communicating pipe is arranged between at least two adjacent steam pipes, a plurality of communicating pipes are arranged between the adjacent steam pipes from the lower parts of the steam pipes to the upper parts of the steam pipes, and the distance between the adjacent communicating pipes is continuously reduced from the lower parts of the steam pipes to the upper parts of the steam pipes. Due to the fact that along with flowing upward of the fluid, the fluid continuously releases heat, along with continuously heat releasing of the fluid, heat releasing in different heat collecting pipes gets more and more ununiformly, by virtue of above arrangement, the pressure balance can be achieved as soon as possible in the fluid flowingprocess.