The invention relates to a triaxial rheological experimental device for tailings materials. The triaxial rheological experimental device comprises a pressurized top plate, a pressurizing shaft, a heavy weight I, an outer cover plate, a hook, a heavy weight II, a pressure transmitting ring, an inner cover plate, a convex groove, a rubber film, a clamping ring, a push-pull rod, a pressurizing plate, an upper water barrier, a pressure plate, a pressure-bearing steel cylinder, a pressurizing cavity, a dense wire gauze, a lower water barrier, a pore water pressure-measuring connecting pipe, a water injection pipe nail, a pore water drainage connecting pipe, a drainage pipe nail, a pressure-measuring pipe nail, a confining pressure measuring pipe, a drainage pipe, a pore water drainage pipe, a water injection pipe, a pore water pressure measuring pipe, a vibrator, a container bottom plate, a pressure transmitting ring reserved groove, a pressure transmitting ring connecting tank, a clamping ring tank, a vibrating spring, a bottom plate groove, a water barrier pressure-measuring port, a water barrier drainage port, a pore water pressure-measuring inlet, a water injection pipe outlet, a pore water drainage pipe inlet, a drainage pipe inlet, a confining pressure pressure-measuring pipe inlet, a confining pressure ring screw thread and a fixing groove. According to the experimental device, the reliability and accuracy of rheological parameters of the measured tailings materials are improved, and financial resources and material resources are saved.