Novel process for synthesizing polyatomic alcohol ester by lipase catalysis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biochemical industry, and relates to a novel process for synthesizing polyol ester by catalysis of lipase. The process is to catalyze an ester exchange reaction of fatty acid low alkanol ester and neopentyl polyol by immobilized lipase in the presence of an organic solvent to synthesize the polyol ester. Tertiary butyl alcohol is added into a reaction system to improve the solubility of substrate, so that the whole reaction system is in homogeneous (except immobilized enzyme), adverse effects of water on enzyme in catalytic activity and stability can also be completely eliminated, the reaction activity and stability of the immobilized lipase Novozym 435 and the immobilized lipase Lipozyme TL IM can be improved so as to remarkably improve the yield of the polyol ester. The fatty acid low alkanol ester adopted by the method can be selected from an alcoholysis product of natural animal and vegetable fat with methanol or ethanol, wherein the natural animal and vegetable fat has rich sources with low cost, and is a renewable resource. The renewable resource with wide sources as a raw material to synthesize the polyol ester has large market potential.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a new process for synthesizing polyol esters catalyzed by lipase, which belongs to the technical field of biochemical industry. technical background [0002] Most modern lubricating oils are composed of more than 86% base oil, plus various additives. The base oil is undoubtedly the decisive factor for the environmental or ecological impact of lubricants. With the development of modern industry and the increasing demand for environmental protection, synthetic esters as the base oil of high-performance lubricants have been more and more widely used because of their unique high and low temperature properties, viscosity-temperature properties, lubricating properties, and biodegradable properties. application. At present, it is not only used in the military field abroad, but also widely used in automobile, petrochemical, metallurgy, machinery and other industrial fields to make up for the defects of mineral oil in certain properti...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the chemical catalyst can make the reaction obtain a relatively ideal esterification rate, the method using the chemical catalyst has the following disadvantages: 1) the reaction is often accompanied by side reactions such as oxidation, carbonization, polymerization, rearrangement, poor selectivity, and by-products in the reaction Many, the post-treatment process of the product is complicated, the purification of the esterified product is difficult, the production cost is high, and the product quality is affected; 2) the process is complicated, alkali neutralization and washing are required, the sewage discharge is large, and the environment is seriously polluted; 3) the catalyst is harmful, The equipment is severely corroded, and the catalyst is difficult to recycle; 4) The reaction temperature is high, and the unsaturated fatty acid is easy to deteriorate at high temperature, the product color is dark, and the energy consumption is high

The main reason is that Novozyme 435 is an immobilized lipase used in non-aqueous systems. This enzyme is more sensitive to the water content in the reaction mixture than Lipozyme IM 20. When there is too much water in the reaction system, the enzyme activity will be changed. structure, reduce the catalytic activity of the enzyme, and affect the reaction rate

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