Ultrathin, self-supporting, flexible, all-solid-state supercapacitor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-thin, self-supporting, flexible and all-solid-state super capacitor and a manufacturing method of the ultra-thin, self-supporting, flexible and all-solid-state super capacitor. The super capacitor comprises a position electrode, a solid electrolyte and a negative electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the solid electrolyte evenly permeates inside a porous structure of the positive electrode and a porous structure of the negative electrode. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of carbon nanometer materials or carbon nanometer composite materials, and the outer side of the positive electrode and the outer side of the positive electrode are not completely embedded by the solid electrolyte and can be used for collecting currents. The thickness of the super capacitor is within the range of 10 nanometers to 10 micrometers, the inner portion of the capacitor is provided with no diaphragm, the outer portion of the capacitor needs no metal current collecting electrode or encapsulation, self-supporting can be realized, and at the same time the capacitor has high specific capacitance, high power density, high energy density, long life and high stability. The super capacitor has the advantages of being superior in performance, simple in manufacturing technology, and capable of satisfying the development demands of flexible, miniature, light electronic products at the same time, and having wide application prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, in particular to an ultra-thin, self-supporting, flexible, all-solid supercapacitor and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of emerging wearable electronic devices, skin electronic devices, flexible display screens and low-power biological detection devices, people urgently need new energy storage devices to realize the lightweight and miniaturization of electronic equipment. , flexible, long life and maintenance-free. Supercapacitors (also called electrochemical capacitors), as a new type of electrochemical energy storage device, have the dual advantages of batteries and capacitors, and have the characteristics of high energy density, high power density, high charge and discharge efficiency, and long life. It is an ideal candidate technology for small and lightweight energy storage devices. With the intr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method is easy to achieve large-scale production, but the prepared device must rely on the substrate and cannot be self-supporting

The self-supporting carbon nanomaterial-based supercapacitor devices reported so far, the overall thickness of the device is still unable to be less than 10 μm, and the main limiting factors come from two reasons: the electrode material and the assembly process.

First of all, in these works, most of the preparation methods of electrode materials use the method of powder pressing. There is a contradiction between the thickness and porosity of the electrode materials produced by this method, making it difficult to achieve ultra-thin, or power, energy Density severely attenuated

At the same time, due to the fact that the electrode material itself prepared by the tableting method is a brittle material, the device cannot achieve flexibility or can only be bent slightly. In addition, some electrode materials need to add polymer binders during tableting, resulting in the conductivity of the electrode material. Poor, requires a metal collector to work, and additionally increases the thickness of the device

Secondly, conventional supercapacitors work in water or organic electrolytes, which leads to complex device assembly processes. A diaphragm must be used to separate the positive and negative electrodes, and the outer layer of the device needs to be properly packaged.

Although the use of solid electrolytes can solve the problem of liquid electrolyte leakage, the currently developed assembly process is still in the form of a simple "positive electrode-solid electrolyte-negative electrode" hot-pressed sheet, resulting in poor bonding between the electrode material and the solid electrolyte, and the thickness of the device is generally in the range of Above 30μm

In addition, the method of soaking the electrode material in the solid electrolyte first, taking it out and then hot pressing can solve the problem of mutual infiltration between the solid electrolyte and the electrode material, but due to the high viscosity of the solid electrolyte, for electrode materials with a thickness of less than 1 μm However, the wetting step can easily lead to curling and even damage of the electrode material

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