A kind of porous silicon carbon composite material and its preparation method and application

A technology of carbon composite materials and porous silicon, applied in the direction of electrical components, electrochemical generators, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problem of low initial capacity, achieve high production efficiency, high capacity, and simple manufacturing process

Active Publication Date: 2018-03-27
SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The Chinese invention patent with the authorized notification number CN 103199252 B discloses "silicon-carbon anode material for lithium ion battery and its preparation method". The patent uses oxygen-containing silicon-carbon composite material and graphite powder to form the anode, wherein The composite material is composed of oxygen-containing silicon-based materials dispersed in graphite powder and organic cracked carbon. Although the negative electrode material has good cycle stability, the initial capacity of Example 1 is only 523mAh / g, and the initial capacity of Example 3 is only 523 mAh / g. 396mAh / g
The application publication number is CN 104103821 A Chinese invention patent "Preparation method of silicon carbon negative electrode material", the silicon carbon negative electrode prepared by vapor deposition in this patent also has low initial capacity

Method used

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  • A kind of porous silicon carbon composite material and its preparation method and application
  • A kind of porous silicon carbon composite material and its preparation method and application
  • A kind of porous silicon carbon composite material and its preparation method and application

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0033] Elemental silicon (325mesh silicon powder), silver nitrate, sodium nitrite and p-phenylenediamine used in the preparation method of this embodiment are all analytically pure. The synthetic route of the product is as follows figure 1 shown. Concrete synthetic steps are as follows:

[0034] (1) Weigh 0.05 mmol of silver nitrate and dissolve it in 100 mL of deionized water, then add ammonia water dropwise to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.3. Add 1.0 g of silicon powder into the above solution, and disperse ultrasonically for 5 minutes until the silicon powder is evenly dispersed in the solution, and then magnetically stir at room temperature for 2 hours. Prepare 10 mL of glucose solution (0.045M) and add it dropwise to the previous solution. Continue to stir at room temperature for 12 hours, then vacuum filter and wash with deionized water, and dry in vacuum at 60° C. for 6 hours to obtain silicon powder with transition metal particles deposited on the surface.

[...

Embodiment 2

[0038] The elemental silicon used in the preparation method of this embodiment is calcined at high temperature by SiO to generate Si and SiO 2 The specific preparation steps are as follows: First, weigh 6.0g of SiO and heat it to 950°C in an Ar atmosphere, keep it warm for 5 hours, and maintain the heating rate at 5°C / min. The sintered product was taken out and immersed in 100 mL of 10 wt% HF solution and stirred magnetically at room temperature for 3 hours to remove SiO 2 , washed with water, filtered and dried in vacuum. Formulated with H 2 o 2 :H 2 SO 4 :H 2 The solution of O=1:1:3 is used to carry out hydroxylation treatment on the obtained product to increase the hydrophilic group and improve the solubility, and then wash with deionized water and filter and dry to obtain the elemental silicon raw material. The silver nitrate, sodium nitrite and p-phenylenediamine used were of analytical grade. The synthetic route of the product is as follows figure 1 shown. Concr...

Embodiment 3

[0043] The elemental silicon used in the preparation method of this example is extracted from agricultural waste rice husk, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: first, take 6 g of rice husk raw material, ultrasonically clean it with deionized water for 30 minutes, and then soak it in dilute hydrochloric acid solution Wash (100 mL, 20% by volume) for 6 hours, rinse with deionized water to pH=7 and dry. Put the above treated rice husk into a muffle furnace and sinter at 600 °C to fully remove the organic matter in it to obtain SiO 2 . Take 1g of SiO prepared above 2 Mix evenly with magnesium powder at a mass ratio of 1:2, and perform magnesium thermal reduction reaction at 650°C. Take out the black powder and immerse it in hydrochloric acid solution for 6 hours, then wash it with deionized water, and dry it to obtain the raw silicon powder. The silver nitrate, sodium nitrite and p-phenylenediamine used were of analytical grade. The synthetic route of the produc...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion battery materials and discloses a porous silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a transition metal salt solution, adjusting the pH to be 9-10, adding elemental silicon powder and dropwise adding a glucose solution for reaction, cleaning and drying the obtained product, re-dispersing the product into a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide for reaction, cleaning and drying the product, further dispersing the product in a dilute nitric acid solution for reaction, and then cleaning and drying the product to obtain porous silicon powder; and dissolving p-phenylenediamine into a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, adding the porous silicon powder, dropwise adding NaNO2 for reaction, cleaning and drying the reaction product, and sintering the reaction product in a protective atmosphere at 800-950 DEG C to obtain the porous silicon-carbon composite material. The preparation technology is simple; the production process is environment-friendly; the raw materials are cheap and available; and the obtained product has good cycling stability and relatively high capacity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion battery materials, and in particular relates to a porous silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] The destruction of the environment and the shortage of energy sources force humans to develop new energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and tidal energy. Due to the imbalance in time and region of these new energy sources provided by nature, especially under sudden factors, the obtained energy cannot be used as easily as traditional fossil fuels, so it is necessary to develop an energy storage system to store and utilize it. Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect, and are currently the most suitable energy storage battery devices. The structure of the lithium-ion battery itself (positive electrode / diaphragm / negative electrode) requires the use of a ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/587H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/364H01M4/386H01M4/587H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 李伟善梁潇廖友好邢丽丹
Owner SOUTH CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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