The invention discloses a
bifunctional basic
ionic liquid and a novel water-phase catalytic synthesis method of a substituted
pyridinium compound by using the same. In the method, a used catalyst is the
bifunctional ionic liquid simultaneously containing a Lewis base and a Bronsted base; aromatic
aldehyde,
malononitrile and a sulfhydryl compound are used as raw materials; water is used as a reaction medium; and a multi-substituted
pyridinium compound is obtained through catalytic synthesis. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the raw materials are wide in sources, the preparation process is convenient, and the double-base catalyst has
high activity, is hydrostable and can not be deactivated; (2) the reaction can be performed at
room temperature, thereby ensuring that the conditions are mild; (3) the water solution containing the catalyst can be recycled and is environment-friendly; and (4) water is used instead of an
organic solvent, thereby achieving environment and economic double benefits. Thus, the synthesis method of a multi-substituted
pyridinium compound is efficient and environment-friendly, and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production.