The invention discloses ART-based (Adaptive Radix Tree based) distributed system graph storage and computing system and method and relates to the technical field of distributed graph computing. The system comprises a data source unit, a data partitioning unit, a data storage unit, and a graph computing unit; the data source unit is provided with a data acquisition module used for acquiring graph data, the data storage unit comprises a database, a file system, a distributed file system and HBase, and the data partitioning unit comprises a data loading module and an adaptive partitioning algorithm module. The system comprises the data source unit, the data partitioning unit, the data storage unit and the graph computing unit; the data source unit is provided with the data acquisition module used for acquiring graph data, the data storage unit comprises the database, the file system, the distributed file system and the HBase, and the data partition unit comprises the data loading module and the adaptive partitioning algorithm module.