The invention discloses a device surface precise polishing apparatus for machining production, comprising a polishing mechanism, an electrolytic cell, a base, a pressing mechanism, a mounting plate, studs, pressing discs, a support mechanism, a protection plate, a filter plate, an extension mechanism, a fixed column, a sliding rod, a first limiting ring, a pressure spring, and a supporting mechanism. The invention has the beneficial effects that: a cylindrical machining device is put at the top of the filter plate; two studs are rotated to move down; two pressing discs at the bottoms of the studs press down the protection plate on the side wall of the filter plate; moreover, the sliding rod shrinks into the fixed column, and the pressure spring shrinks; and the cylindrical machining deviceput on the surface of the filter plate is immersed into electrolytic water in the electrolytic cell, on the one hand, the descending and ascending stability of the cylindrical machining device put onthe surface of the filter plate is guaranteed to prevent damage of the cylindrical machining device caused by shaking, and on the other hand, the operation is simple, and the cylindrical machining device is conveniently placed and taken to facilitate electrolytic polishing.