The invention discloses a robot chassis control system and method based on time hard synchronization, and the system and method carry all sensors based on a high-speed processing SOC chip with an embedded FPGA + ARM core, and achieve the algorithm of the whole chassis control system. Compared with an FPGA + ARM heterogeneous separation scheme, the integration level and the communication interconnection rate of the system can be further improved. Data requests and responses of all sensors can be processed in real time by means of the efficient and powerful parallel processing capacity of the FPGA; meanwhile, a global clock module is constructed in the FPGA, and the FPGA automatically marks timestamps according to the clock module when processing the sensor data, assembles all the sensor data into frames and sends the frames to the ARM core. The ARM is responsible for logic protocol analysis and control process scheduling, plays a connection link role, and performs encapsulation and uploading of a lower computer network communication protocol and analysis and task scheduling of an instruction issued by an upper computer. The method ensures that the robot chassis control system can effectively solve the problem of data transmission delay, and has a good application prospect.