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Preparation method of silica airgel composite material reinforced by silicon carbide fiber mat

A technology of silicon carbide fiber and silicon dioxide, which is applied in the field of preparation of silicon dioxide airgel composite materials, can solve the problems of poor high-temperature oxidation resistance, easy aging, and poor high-temperature resistance, and achieve fast impregnation speed and large pores High efficiency and good hydrophobicity

Active Publication Date: 2015-10-07
ZHONGKE RUNZI (CHONGQING) ENERGY SAVING TECH CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Carbon nanofibers have good specific strength and specific modulus, and have infrared shading effect, but have poor high temperature oxidation resistance
Although organic fiber has good flexibility, it has poor high temperature resistance and is easy to age

Method used

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  • Preparation method of silica airgel composite material reinforced by silicon carbide fiber mat

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Mixed solvents of xylene, tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide were prepared at a volume ratio of 3:1:1. A polyaluminocarbosilane spinning solution with a concentration of 0.9 g / mL was prepared. The spinning solution was electrospun under the conditions of output voltage of 18kV, injection flow rate of 2.0mL / h, and receiving distance of 8cm to obtain the precursor silicon-containing polymer micro-nano fiber mat. Then dry at 50° C. for 2 hours, oxidize and crosslink in an air atmosphere at 200° C. for 3 hours, and perform heat treatment at 1000° C. in an inert atmosphere to obtain a silicon carbide micro-nano ceramic fiber mat.

[0019] Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water in a stirring tank at a molar ratio of 1:8:3, add dropwise hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.01mol / L, adjust the pH to 3.5, and stir for 1 h at the same time; then, under stirring conditions The pH of the system was adjusted to 7.8 with ammonia water at a concentration of 0.01 mol / L...

Embodiment 2

[0022] Mixed solvents of xylene, tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide were prepared at a volume ratio of 3:1:1. A polyaluminocarbosilane spinning solution with a concentration of 1.1 g / mL was prepared. The spinning solution was electrospun under the conditions of output voltage of 22kV, injection flow rate of 1.5mL / h, and receiving distance of 12cm to obtain the precursor silicon-containing polymer micro-nano fiber mat. Then dry at 50°C for 2 hours, oxidize and crosslink in an air atmosphere at 200°C for 3 hours, and perform heat treatment at 1200°C in an inert atmosphere to obtain a silicon carbide micro-nano ceramic fiber mat.

[0023] Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water in a stirring tank at a molar ratio of 1:7:3, add dropwise nitric acid with a concentration of 0.01mol / L, adjust the pH to 4.5, and stir for 1 h at the same time; then, under stirring conditions The pH of the system was adjusted to 7.9 with ammonia water at a concentration of 0.01 mol / L, and a sil...

Embodiment 3

[0026] Mixed solvents of xylene, tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide were prepared at a volume ratio of 3:1:1. A polyaluminocarbosilane spinning solution with a concentration of 1 g / mL was prepared. The spinning solution was electrospun under the conditions of an output voltage of 20kV, an injection flow rate of 2mL / h, and a receiving distance of 10cm to obtain a precursor silicon-containing polymer micro-nano fiber mat. Then dry at 50° C. for 2 hours, oxidize and crosslink in an air atmosphere at 200° C. for 3 hours, and perform heat treatment at 1000° C. in an inert atmosphere to obtain a silicon carbide micro-nano ceramic fiber mat.

[0027]Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water in a stirring tank at a molar ratio of 1:6:3, add nitric acid with a concentration of 0.01mol / L dropwise, adjust the pH to 4.6, and stir for 1 h at the same time; then, under stirring conditions The pH of the system was adjusted to 7.7 with ammonia water at a concentration of 0.01 mol / L, an...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silicon-carbide-fibrofelt-enhanced silica aerogel composite material, and relates to an aerogel composite material. According to the invention, a carbon-rich silicon carbide micro-nano ceramic fibrofelt with small fiber diameter, high porosity, communicating pores, fast impregnation speed, and good compatibility with a substrate is prepared with a static electro-spinning technology combined with a precursor conversion method; a silica sol is prepared with an acid-alkali two-step method; with an infiltration technology, the electro-spun silicon carbide ceramic fibrofelt or precast is soaked into the sol; and through processes such as gel process, aging, curing, solvent exchange, supercritical drying, and the like, the silicon-carbide-fibrofelt-enhanced silica aerogel composite material is obtained. The prepared composite material has the characteristics of low density, large specific surface area, super-hydrophobicity, low thermal conductivity, and the like. The strength and toughness of the material are also greatly improved. The carbon-rich silicon carbide fiber has an infrared shielding effect, such that composite material thermal insulation effect and ultra-high-temperature stability can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an airgel composite material, in particular to a preparation method of a silicon carbide fiber felt-reinforced silicon dioxide airgel composite material. Background technique [0002] Silica airgel is an amorphous solid material composed of nano-sized particles and air as the dispersion medium, with high porosity, high specific surface area, low density, low refractive index, high visible light transmittance, low heat Conductivity, low dielectric constant and other excellent properties, and its fine structure and macroscopic properties can be adjusted through process control, so that it shows extremely superior characteristics in thermal insulation, fire resistance, sound insulation, optics, electricity, etc. . But at the same time, because aerogel is composed of SiO2 particles with nanometer size and high porosity, its strength is very low and its brittleness is high, which greatly limits its application in various fields. F...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B28/24C04B14/38
Inventor 余煜玺陈勇
Owner ZHONGKE RUNZI (CHONGQING) ENERGY SAVING TECH CO LTD
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