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A method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloys from low-grade aluminum resources

An aluminum-silicon alloy, low-grade technology, applied in the field of comprehensive utilization of resources, can solve problems affecting the quality of alloys, changes in electrolyte composition, and increased consumption of fluoride salts, and achieve the effects of perfect system, easy equipment, and low cost

Active Publication Date: 2021-08-03
SHENYANG POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the production of aluminum by molten salt electrolysis is the most important method for the production of metal aluminum. Putting alumina and silicon oxide as raw materials directly into the electrolytic aluminum system can also produce aluminum-silicon alloys, but iron oxide and calcium oxide are the most harmful impurities. , iron oxide will be reduced during the electrolysis process, affecting the quality of the alloy; calcium oxide will decompose cryolite, change the composition of the electrolyte and increase the consumption of fluoride salt
The main difficulty in preparing aluminum-silicon alloys by using molten salt electrolysis of low-grade aluminum resources is to remove harmful impurities such as iron oxide and calcium oxide.

Method used

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  • A method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloys from low-grade aluminum resources
  • A method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloys from low-grade aluminum resources

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0042] process by figure 1 As shown, 1000g of fly ash (chemical composition: 35% alumina, 45% silica, 4.8% iron oxide, 5% calcium oxide, 1.8% titanium oxide, 3% ignition reduction) was used for preliminary iron selection by magnetic separation. Obtain iron fine powder, which is used as raw material for ironmaking; mix the fly ash after iron selection with ammonium bisulfate solution, heat to 50°C to react, and the reaction time is 150min to heat and remove iron to reduce the iron content to 0.49%; react After solid-liquid separation and washing, a solution of aluminum ions and iron ions and solids mainly containing alumina, silicon oxide, calcium sulfate and titanium oxide are obtained; the obtained solids are washed and then added with decalcifying agent ammonium carbonate to react at 90°C 5 minutes, solid-liquid separation and washing; the obtained solid was added with hydrochloric acid to obtain a calcium chloride solution and a solid after decalcification, and carbon dioxi...

Embodiment 2

[0044] process by figure 1As shown, 1000g coal gangue (chemical composition: 28% aluminum oxide, 38% silicon oxide, 1.8% iron oxide, 6% calcium oxide, 0.8% titanium oxide, 25% reduction in ignition) was preliminarily selected for iron by magnetic separation, and obtained Iron concentrate powder is used as raw material for ironmaking; mix the coal gangue after iron selection with ammonium bisulfate solution, heat to 150°C for reaction, and heat to remove iron for 90 minutes to reduce the iron content to 0.3%; after the reaction, the solid Liquid separation and washing to obtain a solution of aluminum ions and iron ions and solids mainly containing alumina, silicon oxide, calcium sulfate and titanium oxide; the obtained solids were washed and then added with decalcifying agent ammonium bicarbonate and reacted at 100 ° C for 10 Minutes, solid-liquid separation and washing; the obtained solid is added with nitric acid to obtain a calcium nitrate solution and a solid after decalcif...

Embodiment 3

[0046] process by figure 2 As shown, 1000g of low-grade bauxite (chemical composition: 48% alumina, 27% silica, 6.2% iron oxide, 2% calcium oxide, 2.8% titanium oxide, 11% calcined reduction) was preliminarily separated by magnetic separation. iron, to obtain iron fine powder, which is used as iron-making raw material; mix the low-grade bauxite after iron selection with ammonium bisulfate solution, heat to 280°C for reaction, and the reaction time is 5 minutes to heat and remove iron, so that the iron content is reduced to 0.2%; solid-liquid separation and washing after the reaction to obtain a solution of aluminum ions and iron ions and a solid containing aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, calcium sulfate and titanium oxide; React at 20°C for 90 minutes, solid-liquid separation and washing; add nitric acid to the obtained solid to obtain a calcium nitrate solution and a solid after decalcification, and generate carbon dioxide gas for solid-liquid separation and washing; the obta...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to a method for comprehensive utilization of resources, in particular to a method for preparing an aluminum-silicon alloy from low-grade aluminum resources. The aluminum-silicon alloy is prepared through the steps of preliminary iron removal by magnetic separation, iron removal by ammonium bisulfate, calcium removal, and molten salt electrolysis. Iron is removed through ammonium bisulfate circulation, while the lost alumina is effectively recovered, ammonium bisulfate is recycled, and the cost is low; there is no discharge of waste residue and wastewater in the process, which is more environmentally friendly. The purpose of the present invention is to remove iron oxide and calcium oxide, and the cost is much lower than that of separately purifying aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. The reaction system of the invention is a weak acid and alkaline system, and the equipment is easy to solve, which is beneficial to industrialization.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a method for comprehensive utilization of resources, in particular to a method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloy from low-grade aluminum resources. Background technique [0002] Aluminum-silicon alloy is a very important industrial alloy, which is widely used in important industries such as aviation, transportation, construction, and automobile, and is also used to manufacture castings with low and medium strength and complex shapes, such as cover plates, motor casings, and brackets etc., are also used as brazing solder. The alloy is a typical eutectic alloy with a simple phase diagram and no intermediate compounds. It has the characteristics of good casting performance and high specific strength. Traditionally, the raw materials used in the production of aluminum-silicon alloys are bauxite, kaolin and silica ore. Submerged arc furnaces are used to produce silicon-aluminum alloys from aluminum-containing ores and silica ore...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/36B03C1/02C22B3/44C22B3/42C01F7/02
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 李来时吴玉胜
Owner SHENYANG POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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