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Aqueous lithium ion battery and application thereof

A lithium-ion battery, water-based technology, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as low capacity retention rate or Coulomb efficiency, rapid capacity decay of water-based lithium-ion batteries, and rapid battery capacity decay, achieving Good Coulombic Efficiency and Capacity Retention, High Coulombic Efficiency and Capacity Retention, Improved Coulombic Efficiency and Stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-08-04
NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the above-mentioned electrolytes have achieved high voltage, there are still cases where material dissolution, capacity retention or coulombic efficiency are generally low.
[0004] Due to the low decomposition voltage of water itself (1.23V), the energy density of water-based lithium-ion batteries is low. At the same time, considering the overpotential of hydrogen and oxygen precipitation, its stable working voltage is difficult to exceed 2V, so the working voltage of water-based lithium-ion batteries is generally Between 1.3 and 2.0V, and it is difficult to increase
In addition, compared with organic electrolytes, the electrode reaction of aqueous lithium-ion battery electrode materials in aqueous electrolyte solutions is extremely complex, and with the occurrence of side reactions such as hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution, the pH of the electrolyte is constantly changing. Therefore, The capacity of aqueous lithium-ion batteries decays rapidly during charge-discharge cycles
Although many aqueous lithium-ion batteries have been reported, such as VO 2 / LiMn 2 o 4 , LiV 3 o 8 / LiNi 0.81 co 0.19 o 2 、TiP 2 o 7 / LiMn 2 o 4 、LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 / LiMn 2 o 4 , LiV 3 o 8 / LiCoO 2 and LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 / LiFePO 4 However, these batteries generally have defects such as fast capacity decay and easy decomposition of materials.

Method used

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  • Aqueous lithium ion battery and application thereof
  • Aqueous lithium ion battery and application thereof
  • Aqueous lithium ion battery and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0068] Weigh 2.658g of niobium pentoxide and 6.902g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and disperse them in a ball mill jar containing 20ml of ethanol, rotate at a speed of 400rpm for 8 hours, and dry at 80°C to obtain a powder mixture. Using a crucible, put the powdery mixture into a muffle furnace and raise it to 300° C. at a rate of 1° C. / min, and keep the temperature constant for 3 hours to obtain a precursor. Transfer the precursor into a ball mill and grind at 400rpm for 4 hours, then transfer the uniformly ground powder sample dried at 80°C to a muffle furnace, calcined at 1350°C for 4 hours, and then rapidly quenched in air to obtain white pure NbOPO 4 Material. The resulting NbOPO 4 The material is put into an argon atmosphere reaction furnace, and the reaction furnace is heated at a rate of 5° C. / min. When the temperature rises to 800° C., ethylene gas is fed into the reaction furnace. The atmosphere in the reaction furnace (the volume ratio of ethylene / argon is 5 / 95...

Embodiment 2

[0073] In a weighing bottle, prepare N,N-dimethylacetamide, lithium perchlorate, and water at a molar ratio of 1:0.1~0.8:0.1~2.4, and the state of the obtained mixture is as follows: Figure 4 shown. The experimental results show that the ratio of 0.1~4:1~4:0.1~1 can obtain a uniform ternary electrolyte.

[0074] Using the homogeneous ternary aqueous solution obtained above as the electrolyte, using a three-electrode system, the carbon-coated NbOPO obtained in Example 1 4 as the working electrode, activated carbon as the counter electrode, and Ag / AgCl (saturated KCl) as the reference electrode. Among them, the electrode slurry is prepared according to m (active material): m (polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF): m (acetylene black) = 75:10:15, and the prepared slurry is coated on the Ti grid, and the positive electrode The mass is about 5-8 mg, and the mass of the negative electrode is 30%-40% more than that of the positive electrode. Put the coated pole pieces into an oven at 80°C...

Embodiment 3

[0079] In a weighing bottle, prepare N,N-dimethylacetamide, lithium perchlorate and water at a molar ratio of 1:0.4:0.4, and obtain a clear ternary solution after magnetic stirring.

[0080] Utilize electrochemical workstation to carry out LSV analysis to the solution that present embodiment 3 obtains, Figure 5 The LSV plot of the resulting ternary solution is shown. Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the electrochemical stability window of the obtained ternary solution is as high as above 3V.

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Abstract

The present invention provides an aqueous lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, a negative electrode active material of the prepared negative electrode is a carbon-coated NbOPO4 material, and the electrolyte is a mixed solution formed by water, N, N-dimethylacetamide and lithium perchlorate according to a molar ratio of (0.1-4): (1-4):(0.1-1). According to the aqueous lithium ion battery provided by the invention, an electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte reaches 3.0 V, the electrode material niobium oxyphosphate stably works in the electrolyte, the working voltage of the whole battery is greater than 2V, and the aqueous lithium ion battery has high coulombic efficiency and capacity retention ratio.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to an aqueous lithium ion battery and its application. Background technique [0002] The development of renewable energy is an important part of the future energy structure. The inherent intermittency and instability of renewable energy such as wind energy, tidal energy, and solar energy make their smooth integration with the grid with stable output require large-scale energy storage conversion system. Common lithium-ion batteries based on organic electrolytes have significant advantages in terms of energy density and cycle life, but they have disadvantages such as high safety risks, high costs, environmental pollution, and uneven distribution of resources, making them difficult to apply on a large scale. The aqueous lithium-ion battery is an ideal choice due to its advantages of high safety, easy preparation, and high ion conductivity. Currently availabl...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/58H01M4/62H01M10/36
CPCH01M4/364H01M4/5825H01M4/625H01M10/36H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 潘捷苗张军王秋实陈亮刘兆平
Owner NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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