30 results about "Huntingtin Protein" patented technology

Disclosed herein are sequences, molecules and methods used to suppress the expression of HD genes encoding for huntingtin protein in primates including Macaca mulatta and Homo sapiens. These sequences, molecules and methods aid in the study of the pathogenesis of HD and can also provide a treatment for this disease by reducing HD mRNA without causing death, locomotor impairment or cellular alterations of the Macaca mulatta and Homo sapiens.

Disclosed herein are sequences, molecules and methods used to suppress the expression of HD genes encoding for huntingtin protein in primates including Macaca mulatto and Homo sapiens. These sequences, molecules and methods aid in the study of the pathogenesis of HD and can also provide a treatment for this disease.

Compositions and methods disclosed concern an isogenic population of in vitro human embryonic stem cells comprising a disease form of the Huntingtin gene (HTT) at the endogenous HTT gene locus in thegenome of the cell; wherein the disease form of the HTT gene comprises a polyQ repeat of at least 40 glutamines at the N-terminus of the Huntingtin protein (HTT). The cell lines of the disclosure comprise genetically-defined alterations made in the endogenous HTT gene that recapitulate Huntington's Disease in humans. Furthermore, the cell lines have isogenic controls that share a similar genetic background. Differentiating cell lines committed to a neuronal fate and fully differentiated cell lines are also provided and they also display phenotypic abnormalities associated with the length of the polyQ repeat of the HTT gene. These cell lines are used as screening tools in drug discovery and development to identify substances that fully or partially revert these phenotype abnormalities.

Provided herein are methods, compounds, and compositions for reducing expression of huntingtin mRNA and protein in an animal. Such methods, compounds, and compositions are useful to treat, prevent, delay, or ameliorate Huntington's disease, or a symptom thereof.

The present invention provides for a double stranded RNA comprising a first RNA sequence and a second RNA sequence wherein the first and second RNA sequence are substantially complementary, wherein the first RNA sequence has a sequence length of at least 19 nucleotides and is substantially complementary to SEQ ID NO. 1. Said double stranded RNA is for use in inducing RNAi against Huntingtin exon 1sequences. The double stranded RNA of to the invention was capable of reducing neuronal cell death and huntingtin aggregates in an animal model.

The invention provides assays that identify Huntington's disease and monitor the progression and severity of conditions associated with variant Huntingtin protein (Httn). In particular, the invention provides assays that monitor the severity and progression of Huntington's Disease as well as predict the onset of symptoms. The invention also provides assays for identifying drugs for treating Huntington's disease.

Provided are imaging agents comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of their use.

The invention discloses a glycosylation modification method of hungtintin. The glycosylation modification method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a recombinant protein Htt(1-90), to be specific, a. obtaining a hungtintin gene, b. constructing a recombinant expression plasmid pTWIN1-htt, c. constructing a recombinant escherichia coli strain DH5 alpha-htt for expressing the hungtintin, and d. expressing the recombinant protein; (2) purifying the recombinant protein Htt(1-90); (3) obtaining a glycosylation modified Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide by using an SPPS (stable protein plasma solution) method; (4) purifying the Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide; (5) coupling the Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide with the recombinant protein Htt(1-90) so as to obtain a glycosylation modified target protein Htt(1-158); (6) purifying the glycosylation modified target protein Htt(1-158). The glycosylation modification on the hungtintin shows that the glycosylated hungtintin has relatively strong stability; the influence of the temperature and the time on absorption peaks of the hungtintin shows that the hungtintin subjected to glycosylation modification is relatively stable.

The invention discloses the application of carbon-based nanomaterials in the preparation of drugs for relieving or treating HD, and solves the problem of high synthesis cost of existing carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes. The carbon-based nanomaterials have good water solubility, degradability and It can effectively inhibit the aggregation of mutant huntingtin protein mHtt and other significant advantages; through cell experiments and animal experiments, it was found that carbon-based nanomaterials can alleviate the toxicity of mHtt aggregation to neurons and improve the learning and memory ability of HD model mice.

The pharmacokinetics and key technologies of the present invention are summarized in FIG. 1. Particularly, malignant misfolded proteins such as mutant huntingtin and alpha-synuclein are coagulated and grow into oligomeric coagulum (①, ②, fibrillar coagulum (③) and eventually inclusion body (④). Young neurons produce a large amount of Nt-Arg through N-terminal arginylation (⑤) of vesicle chaperones such as BiP secreted into the cytoplasm, and then arginylated BiP (R-BiP) is secreted binds to the misfolded proteins (⑥). As a ligand, the Nt-Arg of R-BiP binds to the p62 ZZ domain (⑦), and the normally inactivated closed form of p62 is changed to an open form, leading to structural activation (⑧). As a result, PB1 and LC3-binding domains are exposed. The PB1 domain induces oligomerization (⑨), leading to the concentration as a p62 body (⑩) that is a coagulum capable of being degraded by autophagy. Then, p62 binds to LC3, which is protruding from the autopagosomal membranes, leading to the completion of autophagy targeting (⑪) and lysosomal proteolysis. Since autophagy proteolysis including steps (⑤)-(⑪) is strong in young neurons, cytotoxic protein coagulums (①-⑤) do not accumulate. However in aged neurons, autophagy proteolysis including steps ⑤-⑪ is weakened, and protein coagulums (①-⑤) accumulate and become cytotoxic. In this invention, p62 is intentionally activated (⑫, ⑬) by using low mass ligands of the p62 ZZ domain to effectively remove huntingtin and alpha-synuclein protein coagulums. Particularly, in step {circle around (12)}, p62 ligated with a ligand accelerates the oligomerization of p62-R-BiP-misfolded protein (⑨) and the formation of autophagy coagulum (⑩). In step (⑬), the ligand-p62 conjugate acts as an autophagy activator (⑭) to induce the synthesis of LC3 and the conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II in order to accelerate the formation of autophagosomes (⑮).

The invention discloses a palmitoylation modification method of hungtintin. The palmitoylation modification method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a recombinant protein Htt(1-90), to be specific, a. obtaining a hungtintin gene, b. constructing a recombinant expression plasmid pTWIN1-htt, c. constructing a recombinant escherichia coli strain DH5 alpha-htt for expressing the hungtintin, and d. expressing the recombinant protein; (2) purifying the recombinant protein Htt(1-90); (3) obtaining a palmitoylation modified Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide by using an SPPS (stable protein plasma solution) method; (4) purifying the Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide; (5) coupling the Htt(Cys-K92-K158) polypeptide with the recombinant protein Htt(1-90) so as to obtain a palmitoylation modified target protein Htt(1-158); (6) purifying the palmitoylation modified target protein Htt(1-158). The palmitoylation modification on the hungtintin shows that the stability of the hungtintin is improved, the palmitoylation modified hungtintin has the capacity of resisting hydrolytic enzymes and relatively strong stability, and the research on the palmitoylation of the hungtintin has important significance for the treatment of Huntington diseases.