The present invention proposes an EMC-EMI-based adaptive radio frequency signal data processing device, which performs segmentation and preprocessing in response to radio frequency signals; performs Hilbert-Huang transform on the segmented signals, and obtains the corresponding window stage Time-frequency characteristics of electromagnetic signals; calculate EMC power, EMI RF energy and pattern, and RF signal-to-noise pattern, and compare with corresponding thresholds to obtain the state of the cutter head in the window stage of ablation and cutting, coagulation and heat control, including touching metal Short circuit, overheating and overload; adaptively adjust the energy parameters of the radiofrequency ablation device or prompt the user to adjust the energy parameters of the radiofrequency ablation device. The device of the invention can qualitatively and quantitatively detect and classify instantaneous and dynamic radio frequency plasma according to the signal-to-noise mode and pattern recognition of radio frequency emission, perceive the actual state of the cutter head, perform adaptive control or prompt the user to adjust the operation.