The invention discloses a cable trench cover plate opening device which comprises a vehicle body and a hanging plate, wherein a stand column is arranged on one side of the upper portion of a chassis, a pinch bar is hinged to the upper end of the stand column, a hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the stand column, a connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the pinch bar, the hanging plate is arranged on the lower portion of the connecting rod, hanging rods are arranged on the lower portions of supporting arms, the outer portion of each hanging rod is connected with a sliding sleeve in a sliding mode, a first abutting plate is arranged on one side of the lower portion of each hanging rod, the lower end of each first abutting plate is hinged to a second abutting plate through a second pin shaft, the lower end of each hanging rod is movably installed on the corresponding second pin shaft through a shaft sleeve, one side of each sliding sleeve is hinged to a first connection rod, the lower end of each first connection rod is hinged to the inner wall of the corresponding first abutting plate, the other side of the sliding sleeve is provided with a second connection rod, and the lower end of each second connection rod is hinged to the inner wall of the corresponding second abutting plate. According to the cable trench cover plate opening device, the hanging plate is arranged on the front portion of the vehicle body, the hanging rods are arranged on the lower portion of the hanging plate, the first abutting plates and the second abutting plates are arranged on the lower portions of the hanging rods, a cable trench cover plate is pried through the first abutting plates and the second abutting plates, and damage to the cable trench cover plate is avoided.