The invention discloses a rapid sterilization device of vegetable vacuum packaging equipment, and relates to the field of vacuum packaging. The rapid sterilization device comprises a supporting bottom plate, the bottom surface of the supporting bottom plate is in bolted connection with moving wheels, the side edges of the moving wheels are provided with side pedals, and the top surface of the supporting bottom plate is vertically provided with a supporting bottom rod; a supporting cross rod is horizontally arranged at the top end of the supporting bottom rod, a handle is welded to one side edge of the supporting cross rod, a control panel is horizontally connected to one side edge of the supporting cross rod through a bolt, and a clamping transverse groove is horizontally formed in the side edge, away from the handle, of the supporting cross rod; and a bottom sleeve rod is in butt joint with the side edge, away from the handle, of the supporting cross rod, and an extending insertion rod is inserted into the end, away from the supporting cross rod, of the bottom sleeve rod. According to the device, a split structure is designed, operation is easy and convenient, splicing is easy and convenient due to the adoption of a threaded connection structure, meanwhile, sterilization operation in various environments can be met due to the adoption of multiple adjusting structures, and the sterilization efficiency is greatly improved.