Methods of using crop straws to prevent and control soil-borne diseases of vegetables

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by using crop stalks, which is characterized in that the soil is flooded after the crop stalks are applied to the field, and the specific steps are as follows: when the soil temperature is above 20°C, the Clean up the residues of previous crops, surround the field with soil around a ridge about 20 cm high, spread the crop stalks crushed to a length of 10-15 cm evenly on the field, and then plow the soil to a depth of 18-20 cm , use irrigation water to flood the field for 5 days. During the flooding period, the field water depth is kept at 5 cm above the surface of the soil layer. After 5 days, the soil is rotated to a depth of 18-20 cm. When the reduction potential drops to 0-40mv, the flooding ends. After the soil is naturally dried, chemical fertilizers are applied, and then the soil is rotated to plant crops. The application amount of chemical fertilizers is: 30-40 kg of urea and 20-30 kg of potassium phosphate fertilizer .

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by using crop stalks. Specifically, the crop stalks are properly crushed and evenly spread to the field, the soil is plowed and flooded for a certain period of time, and then the water is drained, and the soil is natural. Planting vegetables after drying can achieve the effect of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables. The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive prevention and control of vegetable diseases by using agricultural waste. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country with large output, wide distribution and variety of crop straw, which has been a valuable resource for farmers' life and agricultural development for a long time. In recent years, with the rapid development of crop breeding technology, the continuous updating of high-yield crop varieties and the continuous improvement of a...

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Problems solved by technology

However, many studies have also shown that it is difficult to completely eliminate pathogenic bacteria by flooding alone

[0008] There are many reports at home and abroad about the growth inhibition and even killing effects of straw decomposition products on various soil-borne pathogens. It is believed that organic acids and phenols produced by straw degradation Allelochemicals such as acids will directly kill or inhibit pathogenic bacteria; at the same time, other decomposition products of straw can also provide rich nutrient sources for soil microorganisms (especially bacteria) that are not sensitive to allelochemicals, significantly increasing the number and diversity of soil microorganisms Enhance soil bioactivity, improve nutrient utilization, promote crop growth and enhance disease resistance, but these reports are under indoor simulated dry farming conditions, using straw mulch or evenly mixing straw into the soil to keep moisture and cultivate for a certain period of time Finally, the straw decomposed liquid was collected to measure the growth inhibitory effect on the target pathogenic bacteria in the state of in vitro and pure culture, which was quite different from the actual field soil environment.

However, the pathogenic bacteria were directly inoculated into the soil containing straw, and the in situ research on the inhibitory effect of straw decomposition products on the pathogenic bacteria in the soil and the effect on the control of soil-borne diseases of vegetables under continuous flooding conditions has not been reported so far.

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