881 results about "Phosphate potassium" patented technology

The invention provides a plant nutrient solution for soilless culture of tomato. The plant nutrient solution is prepared by the following raw materials in part by weight: 2 to 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 to 8 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 to 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 to 3 parts of potassium phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of potassium sulphate, 1 to 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1 to 0.15 part of Na2-EDTA, 0.05 to 0.1 part of Fe-EDTA, 0.01 to 0.05 part of molybdic acid, 0.01 to 0.03 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 to 0.5 part of sodium tetraborate, 2 to 4 parts of superphosphate, 0.003 to 0.01 part of zinc sulfate, 0.001 to 0.002 part of copper sulfate, 0.001 to 0.003 part of ammonium nitrate, 1 to 3 parts of urea, 1 to 2 parts of organic acid, 0.5 to 1 part of beta cyclodextrin, 0.05 to 0.1 part of vitamin B, 2 to 4 parts of chitosan, 1 to 2 parts of nicotinamide, 0.5 to 2 parts of amino acid, 0.3 to 0.5 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.02 to 0.5 part of gibberellin, and 5,000 to 7,000 parts of water. According to experiment, the plant nutrient solution provided by the invention can be used for carrying out soilless culture of tomato, and the tomato has high plant height, thick stem, high cluster and high output.

The present invention relates to a fire-resistant coating and method thereof, which confers enhanced flame and heat resistance to substrate such as building materials. The invented coating is especially applicable to cellulose-based building materials including but not limited to fiberboards, wallboards, roofing materials, particleboards, ceiling tiles, soundproofing boards and hardboards. This novel composition is also useful in providing a fire-resistant coating for concrete, metals, foamed polymeric materials, gypsum and other substrates. A preferred embodiment generally comprising: mono potassium phosphate, magnesium oxide, silica powder, calcium silicate, rice hull ash and water. A method for imparting fire-retardancy to substrates using the invented composition is also described

A liquid fertilizer containing wood vinegar liquid or oxalic vinegar liquid and its production are disclosed. The liquid fertilizer consists of urea 1í½20.0%, potassium phosphate 1í½20.0%, potassium nitrate 1í½20.0%, lime nitrate 0.1í½10.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.1í½5.0%, ferrous sulfate 0.1í½5.0%, manganous sulfate 0.1í½5.0%, zinc sulfate 0.1í½5.0%, cupric sulfate 0.1í½5.0%, boron sand or boric acid 0.1í½2.0%, sodium molybdate or ammonium molybdate 0.1í½1.0%, plant hormone or plant regulator, rare earth element or humus acid or pesticide auxiliaries etc. The process is carried out by proportioning and mixing. It can improve bacterium inhibiting and plant growth regulating functions.

The present invention relates to high solid content vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer latex for binder and the synthetic method, including 55 to 75 portion of vinyl acetate, 24 to 45 portion of ethylene, 3 to 5 portion of N-methylol acrylamide, 2 to 4 portion of PVA1788 and PVA0588, 0.4 to 1.0 portion of the compound of nonionic emulsifying agent nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and anion emulsifying agent alkyl sulphate with 2:1 mixture ratio, 0.2 to 1.0 portion of 35 percents oxydol with 1:1 mixture ratio, 0.05 to 0.4 portion of formol zinc sulphate, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of ferrous sulphate, 0.5 to 1.0 portion of regular dodeca-carbon thiol-alcohol, 0.05 to 0.35 portion of potassium phosphate, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of sodium bicarbonate and 45 to 55 portion of de-ionized water. With the adoption of latex polymerization, low-residual monomer VAE latex with solid content more than 65 percents is synthesized, which is used as binder to be applied in timber processing industry and packaging industry.

The invention discloses an organic selenium biologics and its preparation method, and method for producing selenium-rich vegetable using the same, wherein the preparation is prepared from water and the following components (by weight percentage) through mixing and fermentation, selenium dioxide : sodium hydrogen carbonate : methionine : brown sugar : carbamide : monobasic potassium phosphate : magnesium sulfate : manganese sulfate : calcium chloride = 35-45 : 35-45 : 10-20 : 45-55 : 1-10 : 1-10 : 1-4 : 1-4 : 1-10, the method of application comprises, diluting the organic selenium biologics to 50-200 times by charging water, spraying diluted organic selenium biologics liquid onto the vegetable leaves, stems or roots. The vegetable exerted by the organic selenium biologics contains rich selenium.

This invention relates to a synthesis method for carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex used in the cement-based waterproof coating. The preparation method involves 30 to 50 shares of butadiene or isoprene isoprene, 30 to 55 shares of styrene, 0.1 to 5 shares of methyl acrylate , 1 to 5 shares of itaconic acid, 1 to 8 shares of n-butyl acrylate butyl acrylate, 1.2 to 2.8 hares of emulsifier, 0.3 to 1.2 hares of initiator potassium supersulphate, 0.2 to 0.8 shares of molecular weight regulator, 0.01 to 0.5 shares of pH buffer sodium bicarbonate, 0.01 to 5 shares of electrolyte, 0.01 or 5 shares of chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or endrate disodium and 100 to 150 shares of soft water for polymerization. The electrolyte is the combination of potassium phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, with the ratio of 3 to 2: 1; in the polymerization reaction, monomer and a variety of agents are added with intermission. And reaction temperature control adopts the two-step laddered control. When the conversion rate reaches 99.0 percent, the mixture experiences the vacuum degassing treatment. The latex produced by the present invention is of good compatibility with the additives as the paint during the paint preparation. The prepared paint is of excellent fluidity, water retention and machinery stability under the high-cut condition. The improved mortar has the advantages of good permeability, high bond strength and so on.

Composite materials made from reactive compounds such as oxides are disclosed. The materials comprise a reaction producing of metal oxide, phosphate and reactive residual materials. The metal oxide may comprise MgO, CaO, ZnO, TiO2 or the like. The phosphate may comprise mono-potassium phosphate, mono-ammonium phosphate, mono-sodium phosphate or the like. The reactive residual material may be ash, phosphate clay, phosphate residual slurry, mining waste or the like. The composite materials may be used for many applications including rapid repair materials, pre-cast structures, in-situ structures, mixes and coatings.

The present invention provides synthetic routes for preparing various isomers of cyclohexane-based coolants, such as menthyl esters and menthanecarboxamide derivatives, in particular those substituted at the amide nitrogen, for example with an aromatic ring or aryl moiety. Such structures have high cooling potency and long lasting sensory effect, which make them useful in a wide variety of consumer products. One synthetic route involves a copper catalyzed coupling of a primary menthanecarboxamide with an aryl halide, such reaction working best in the presence of potassium phosphate and water. Using this synthetic route, specific isomers can be prepared including the menthanecarboxamide isomer having the same configuration as l-menthol and new isomers such as a neoisomer having opposite stereochemistry at the carboxamide (C-1) position. The neoisomer unexpectedly has potent and long lasting cooling effect. Preparation schemes for neoisomers of other menthyl derivatives which are useful as coolants, including esters, ethers, carboxy esters and other N-substituted carboxamides are also provided.

The present invention relates to a flame-resistant and heat-resistant copper clad laminate preparation method, which comprises: adopting nanometer silica foam, dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, methyl trichlorosilane and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate as a raw materials to obtain a filler; adopting DOPO, a bisphenol A cyanate ester monomer, a phenol compound, a m-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid pyridine salt, 2,3-epoxy cyclopentyl cyclopentyl ether and dimethyl phosphonate as raw materials to obtain a resin prepolymer; adding the filler to o-phthalic acid diglycidyl este to obtain an active filler; mixing the resin prepolymer and an indole compound, and then adding the active filler and isomeric undecanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate potassium salt to obtain a composite system; and carrying out hot pressing molding on the composite system, a reinforced material and metal foil to obtain the flame-resistant and heat-resistant copper clad laminate, wherein the flame-resistant and heat-resistant copper clad laminate has characteristics of excellent flame retardant property and excellent heat resistance, and meets the development applications of the flame-resistant and heat-resistant copper clad laminate.

A composition includes a plurality of amino acids. The plurality of amino acids includes at least one essential amino acid and at least one non-essential amino acid. The plurality of amino acids also includes at least one branch-chain amino acid. The composition also includes a source of carbohydrates. The compositions also includes purified water. The plurality of amino acids comprises about 1 wt % of the composition. A composition includes a plurality of amino acids, sodium citrate, sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, flavoring, a source of carbohydrates, and purified water. In some embodiments of the composition, the plurality of amino acids includes alanine, arginine, aspartate, cystine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonin, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine.

The invention relates to lead paste of a deep adhesive type specially-cured lead carbon battery. Positive electrode lead paste comprises the following constituents: 600-1,200kg of lead powder, 5-80kg of red lead, 10-60kg of 4BS seed crystal, 0.6-3.6kg of aquadag, 0.3-3.6kg of stannous sulfate, 0-3.0kg of antimonous oxide, 0.6-3.6kg of potassium phosphate, 0.5-1.8kg of fumed silica, 0.8-1.8kg of short fiber and 48-130kg of 1.40g / ml dilute sulphuric acid, and negative electrode lead paste comprises the following constituents: 600-1,000kg of lead powder, 3-12kg of barium sulfate, 1-8kg of humic acid, 0.5-2.5kg of lignin, 0.3-1.8kg of fumed silica, 0.05-1.5kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), 0.5-2.5kg of PTFE emulsion, 8-10kg of graphite, 1-16kg of acetylene black / carbon black, 2-18kg of active carbon / capacitance carbon / carbon, 0.05-1.8kg of bismuth oxide / bismuth carbon sulfide bismuth, 0.01-1.2kg of graphene, 0.02-2.0kg of carbon nanofiber tube, 0.8-1.8kg of short fiber and 76-80kg of 1.40g / ml dilute sulphuric acid.

The invention relates to a machining method of recombined puffed pigskin. Currently, a machining method for manufacturing the puffed pigskin by utilizing crushed pigskin leftover materials does not exist. The machining method comprises the following steps of: pre-treating raw materials; pickling; picking in a pickling solution for 10-12 hours, wherein the pickling solution comprises the components of water, sodium hydroxide and potassium phosphate; rinsing; carrying out secondary finishing; crushing; carrying out biological enzymolysis: adding pigskin grains, alkaline protease and saline water into an enzymolysis fermenting pot, agitating uniformly and keeping the pH (Potential of Hydrogen) value of the system to be at 7-8 at a temperature of 40-55 DEG C, and then agitating and carrying out enzymolysis at an interval for 4-6 hours; cooking and inactivating; carrying out high-speed chopping: adding pigskin protein liquid into a chopping and mixing machine when the pigskin protein liquid is hot, and then adding glutamine transaminase, aspartame, I+G, soybean isolated protein, modified starch, mashed potato and water to carry out chopping and mixing; filling and molding; freezing; slicing; and drying. According to the machining method, the crushed pigskin leftover materials can be utilized to manufacture the puffed pigskin with a comfortable mouth feel and a special flavor.

A process for producing a solubilized ibuprofen, preferably in the form of a granulate, the process comprising the steps of: providing a mixture comprising solid ibuprofen and a first base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium glycinate, potassium glycinate and tribasic sodium and potassium phosphates and mixtures thereof, and reacting the ibuprofen and the first base in essentially dry state. The obtainable granulate and the pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms that may be produced therefrom are distinguished by their high solubility and rapid disintegration and dissolution in aqueous media, by their good flow properties and compressibility, by rapidly achieving onset of analgesic effect.

The invention discloses a medicative fertilizer preparation which is developed by the scientific combination of insecticide and fertilizer. The medicative fertilizer comprises the insecticidal components such as carbosulfan and tebufenozide, nitrogen-potassium-phosphate fertilizer, trace elements and a stabilizing agent, wherein a mixed preparation of the carbosulfan and the tebufenozide has the characteristics of high biological activity, good drug effect, little possibility of resistibility and the like for the soil insects of sugarcane stem borers, white grubs, alissonotum impressicolle arrow and the like. Meanwhile, the medicative fertilizer preparation is also a very good crop growth regulation fertilizer, has double effects of medicine and fertilizer and is labour-saving, time-saving, labor-saving and money-saving. The invention has stable chemical property; the invention features safe, simple and convenient use, little dosage, long lasting time of the drug effect and extensive application prospect, lightens labor strength and the labor time of a farmer, has a great significance for effectively, scientifically and reasonably utilizing resources and protecting the environmentand also acts as a positive boost for reducing the agricultural investment of a user and increasing the yield and the benefit of agriculture.

An aerated refractory is provided comprising a mixture containing a phosphate compound, a metal oxide, a calcium containing compound; and an agent for increasing the volume of the mixture. Also provided is a method for protecting a substrate with aerated refractory, the method comprising dry mixing mono-potassium phosphate with a metal oxide and a calcium containing compound (i.e. hydroxyapatite) to produce a homogenous dry mixture; adding water to the mixture to produce a slurry; adding a foaming agent to the slurry; applying the slurry to the substrate; and allowing the slurry to dry.

The invention relates to a novel method for extracting anthocyanin in bilberry by double water phases, and belongs to the technical field of biological engineering. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding inorganic salt solution and hydrophilic low-molecular organic substance into bilberry fruit residue, stirring the mixture evenly, keeping the mixture standing, layering the mixture, extracting the anthocyanin to an upper phase, and distributing the residue at the lower phase or between the two phases so as to achieve the aim of extracting the anthocyanin from the bilberry fruit residue. The inorganic salt is one or a combination of sodium chloride, ammonium sulphate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, preferably ammonium sulphate; and the hydrophilic low-molecular organic substance is one or a combination of methanol, ethanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, normal butanol, isobutyl alcohol, glycol and acetone, preferably ethanol. The method has the advantages that a novel method for extracting the anthocyanin is developed, the method is easy to industrialize, the utilization ratio of the bilberry is improved, and the production cost of the anthocyanin is lowered.

The invention discloses sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer. The sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer comprises, by weight, 20-25 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of ammonium biphosphate, 10-20 parts of potassium phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-12 parts of sodium silicate, 4-6 parts of magnesium phosphate, 7-9 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts of zinc ammonium phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts of copper carbonate, 0.1-0.2 parts of manganese ammonium phosphate, 0.4-0.6 parts of potassium borate, 0.3-0.5 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.2-0.4 parts of sodium molybdate, 20-25 parts of sodium alginate, 35-45 parts of a coating material, 5-10 parts of cassava slag, 5-8 parts of furfural slag, 10-20 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of carbonized rice husk, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of straws, 5-8 parts of plant ash, 0.2-0.5 parts of biological fungi, 4-6 parts of thermopsine and 3-5 parts of Artemisia argyi powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer.

The invention provides an electrochemical method and an electrochemical device for synergistically generating ozone and hydrogen peroxide in a neutral medium. The method comprises the following steps: oxygen is subject to reduction on an air-diffusion cathode to generate hydrogen peroxide and water is subject to oxidation decomposition on an anode to generate ozone in the same electrolytic cell. The device comprises a membrane electrode formed by hot-pressing a proton exchange membrane and the anode. The water solution of an inert salt, such as sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate, and sodium phosphate or potassium phosphate, or the mixed solution of the inert salts constitutes the electrolyte in a cathode chamber, while pure water without electrolytes or the same solution as that of the cathode chamber constitutes the electrolyte in an anode chamber. The cathode chamber and the anode chamber are separated by the proton exchange membrane, so as to prevent the generated ozone and hydrogen peroxide from being further subjected to electrochemical reduction or oxidation. Accordingly, the hydrogen peroxide with higher concentration can be obtained in the cathode chamber, and meanwhile, the ozone can be effectively generated in the anode chamber. The method and the device of the invention are also applicable to synergistic wastewater treatment using ozone and hydrogen peroxide.

The invention discloses PET (polyester) high-speed spinning finish oil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 66-74 parts of smoothing agent, 10-14 parts of emulsifier, 4-8 parts of antistatic agent, 6-10 parts of tow collecting agent and 3-5 parts of additive, wherein the smoothing agent comprises phosphate, polyacrylic ester, and any one or a mixture of plant oil, animal oil, mineral oil and synthetic ester oil, the emulsifier comprises an alkyl ether type surfactant, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether and polyoxyethylene ether laurate, the antistatic agent comprises the cationic surfactant of an ammonium salt and octadecanol phosphate potassium salt, the tow collecting agent comprises polyethylene glycol laurate diester, propylene glycol and rubber pyrolysis oil, and the additive comprises talcum powder, fatty alcohol, fatty acid and acrylic acid. By means of the design disclosed by the invention, the frictional factor is more stable and the oil film strength and the oil flash point are both higher.

The invention discloses a high-temperature resistance water-based self-adhering paint, which comprises the following parts: 10-80% main agent, which contains alkaline metal silicate from one of quaternary amine, tertiary amine and silicate of guanidine (23.5- 46.3% silicate or 67.8-83.9% phosphate); 26.8-45.1% solidifier, which concludes metal oxide, aluminium hydroxide, magnesium fluosilicate, magnesium borate, zinc borate, magnesium phosphate or potassium phosphate; 16.1-32.2% filler, which contains silica, alumina, mullite, boron nitride or mica.

The invention provides a high-phosphorus high-potassium liquid compound fertilizer. The liquid compound fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-120 parts of a phosphorus fertilizer, 15-60 parts of a potassium fertilizer, 0.1-12 parts of a microelement fertilizer, 0.5-5 parts of a co-solvent and 10-50 parts of water, wherein the microelement fertilizer is one or more of a boron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer and an iron fertilizer and is a water-soluble fertilizer. The invention also provides a preparation method and an application method of the high-phosphorus high-potassium liquid compound fertilizer. The contents of phosphorus and potassium in the high-phosphorus high-potassium liquid compound fertilizer are higher, the phosphate radicals and potassium ions stably coexist in a liquid phase so that the generation of insoluble precipitates such as potassium phosphate is avoided, the high-phosphorus high-potassium liquid compound fertilizer has the advantages of high content of the total nutrient, stable physical and chemical shapes, no phenomena such as crystallization, precipitation and layering under high temperature, low temperature and room temperature conditions, good fluidity, high-concentration nutrients, time conservation, labor conservation, fertilizer conservation, high fertilizer efficiency and the like, the high-phosphorus high-potassium liquid compound fertilizer is suitable for larger-area automatic fertilizer-applying operation and the fertilizer-applying efficiency can be significantly increased.

The invention discloses spread processed cheese and a method for preparing the same. The processed cheese comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 55 percent of natural cheese, 1 to 5 percent of emulsifying salt, 1 to 40 percent of fat product, 0.2 to 1.0 percent of stabilizer and 21 to 56 percent of water, wherein the natural cheese is the fresh curd and / or salt-free cheese; the emulsifying salt is prepared by mixing sodium citrate and potassium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:9-1:19; the sodium content of the fat product is less than or equal to 60mg / 100g; and the stabilizer can be one or more of glutin, guar gum, microcrystalline cellulose, locust bean gum and modified starch. The spread processed cheese has good taste and texture compared with the conventionalspread processed cheese, and the content of sodium ions is lower than 120mg / 100g, which is 40 to 80 percent less than that of the common cheese; and the spread processed cheese meets the low-sodium food standard and has a stable state and good flavor, tissue and taste. In addition, the preparation method is simple, and easy to implement.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of black-skin wax gourds. The cultivation method is characterized by including the steps of (1) performing land preparation; (2) sowing seeds timely; (3) cultivating strong seedlings: once 3-4 true leaves of the wax grout seedling grow, liquid fertilizer is sprayed, to be specific, the liquid fertilizer comprises, by weight, 10 parts of high-concentration liquid compound fertilizer, 1 part of selenium yeast and 1000 parts of water; (4) performing transplanting and setting; (5) making a trellis and pulling vines; (6) spraying the fertilizer during fruiting period: spraying selenium liquid fertilizer to the wax gourd in the afternoons in the sunny days once a week during fruit swelling period till 30 days before the gourd picking day, to be specific, the 0.02 selenium liquid fertilizer comprises, by weight, 4 parts of sodium selenite, 100 parts of mono potassium phosphate and 2000 parts of water; (7) performing pest and diseases prevention; (8) performing harvesting timely. According to the arrangement, selenium content of the wax gourds is improved, and yield of the wax gourds increases by 20%.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an environment-friendly polypropylene filament yarn oil agent, comprising the following steps of: weighing 40 to 60 parts by weight of fatty alcohol ether phosphate potassium salt, 2 to 8 parts by weight of polysiloxane polyether copolymer, 3 to 12 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate, 4 to 10 parts by weight of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2 to 12 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-epoxypropane block polyether, 20 to 45 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol laurate, 10 to 20 parts by weight of butter alcohol amine phosphate salt and 5 to 10 parts by weight of high-carbon heterogeneous alcohol phosphate potassium salt, heating to 40 to 80 DEG C, reacting under the stirring condition, then adding 20 to 40 parts of emulsifying agent EL-40, 1 to 5 parts of methyl-1-hydroxyethyl-2-stearyl imidazoline ammonium methosulfate, 5 to 15 parts of dimethyl silicon oil, 2 to 40 parts of deionized water and 0.001 to 0.02 part of preservative, reacting under the stirring condition at 50 to 70 DEG C, and separating to obtain the environment-friendly polypropylene filament yarn oil agent.

Disclosed are a composition for detecting Helicobacter pylori including urea 0.5 to 4 percent by volume, potassium phosphate 0.05 to 0.2 percent by volume, phenate reagent solution 0.8 to 1.7 percent by volume, an indicator having a pKa of 6.5 to 8.5, 0.002 to 0.005 percent by volume, and a balance of water, a kit for detecting Helicobacter pylori using the composition and detecting method using the composition can determine quickly and accurately whether or not an infection by Helicobacter pylori exists, can obtain the same determination results after an elapse of time and can be used easily in an endoscope chamber.

The invention discloses a special-purpose bacterial base material for mushroom soil-covering and its application, which is prepared from fermented cotton-seed hull, wheat bran, flour, rape seed cake, organic fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, monobasic potassium phosphate, vitamin B1, glucose, lime, gypsum, vermiculite and water through the steps of weighing, disintegrating, mixing, adjusting pH to 7-8, and fermenting through grafting mushroom bacterial.

The invention discloses a sweet potato residue fermentation feed and a preparation method thereof,and relate to the field of preparing animal feed from plant materials. The fermentation feed is prepared by using 75-80% of sweet potato residue and 20-25% of wheat bran as a raw material and an auxiliary material, and adding a reagent based on the raw material; mixing 0.75-1.5% of urea, 0.75-1.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5-0.7% of mono potassium phosphate and 0.4-0.6% of magnesium sulfate to obtain a fermentation substrate; mixing bacillus subtilis, saccharomycopsis fibuligera, trichoderma viride and bacterium solution of lactobacillus plantarum to prepare a bacteria liquid of combined fermentation strains through aerobic fermentation. The weight ratio of the fermentation substrate to the bacteria liquid of the combined fermentation strains is 1:1-1.2; the volume ratio of four bacteria liquids is 1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3. The method can increase the amount of true protein of the fermentation substrate, reduce the amount of coarse fibers, improve the feed palatability and digestibility and utilization, and fully improve the nutritional value of sweet potato residue, thereby having both economic benefits and environmental benefits.

An attrition resistant fertilizer spike composition, exhibiting a mechanical strength which allows the spike to be hammered unsupported into the soil without suffering damage, to provide an effective source of slow releasing plant nutrients to the soil. The composition comprises between 93 and 98 percent of particulate plant nutrient compounds containing one phosphate ion chemically combined with one divalent cation and one monovalent cation, including the compounds magnesium ammonium phosphate and magnesium potassium phosphate. The composition includes a coating of between 2 and 7 percent of thermoplastic adhesive with a softening temperature between 65 and 160 DEG C. on the particles. The coated particles are formed into an attrition and shatter resistant spike shape, suitable for hammering into the soil, by pressing into a die at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic adhesive and then cooling to a temperature lower than the softening temperature. A method of preparing these improved spikes is provided. In the method the thermoplastic adhesive is applied as an aqueous dispersion or emulsion along with a die lubricant prior to pressing the coated particles into a spike exhibiting a high degree of physical integrity.