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Exchange and concentration method for ions in solution

A cation exchange membrane and solution technology, applied in the field of membrane separation, can solve problems such as insufficient driving force, no additional driving force, and increased resistance

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-01-04
秦才东
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The problem to be solved by the ion exchange and concentration method in the solution of the present invention is: there is no additional driving force in the existing diffusion dialysis and Donnan diffusion dialysis, and as the diffusion proceeds, the driving force decreases continuously and the resistance increases continuously , there is a problem of insufficient driving force

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] This embodiment provides a new method for seawater desalination and sewage treatment containing acid, alkali and salt, as an example to demonstrate ion exchange and concentration methods in any solution, which is to use simple diffusion dialysis or Donnan dialysis. This new method combines the advantages of both Donnan diffusion dialysis and ion exchange methods, and also overcomes the problem of low driving force of Donnan dialysis, which can open up new application fields and can also be partially applied to the fields where ion exchange resins are already in use. . It includes:

[0029] Step 1, in the experiment, ammonium carbonate solution is the replacement solution of this step, to analyze pure sodium chloride solution to simulate seawater, preferably weakly alkaline anion membrane is the diffusion dialysis membrane in the Donnan dialysis device. The membrane is clamped between two nylon pieces with a hole diameter of 3 cm and butt joints. The effective area of ​...

Embodiment 2

[0040] This embodiment provides a new method for treating pure alkali-containing wastewater. Taking pulp and paper mill wastewater as an example, other alkaline wastewater such as textile, leather, and hydrometallurgical wastewater can be similarly operated. The seawater simulated in Embodiment 1 is replaced with alkaline pulping and paper mill sewage. Optimally, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate are used as the replacement solution to provide ammonium ions. Only through the above step 2, under normal temperature and pressure, It is calculated by experiments that the cationic membrane per square meter can displace about 50 g of sodium hydroxide from waste water containing about 5% (weight) of alkali per hour. In actual use, the alkali-containing wastewater is recovered by diffusion dialysis in advance, and then the ammonium ion and sodium ion are replaced; and the valuable sodium carbonate obtained in the replacement solution can be mixed with lime water The caustic ...

Embodiment 3

[0042] This embodiment provides a new treatment method for simple acid-containing solution or acid-containing sewage. Taking biomass dilute acid solution as an example, similar operations can be performed for other acidic wastewater such as electroplating, pickling wastewater, and chemical synthesis wastewater. The seawater simulated in Example 1 is replaced by the sugary solution obtained by hydrolyzing the crop straw with 3% sulfuric acid. Optimally, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate are used as the replacement solution to provide bicarbonate and carbonate ions. In the above step 1, under normal temperature and pressure, sulfate ions and bicarbonate ions are replaced, and the sugar-containing solution is deacidified due to the decomposition of carbonic acid, and the ammonium sulfate in the replacement solution is used as a fertilizer to realize its value. In actual use, the acid-containing wastewater is pre-recovered by diffusion dialysis, and then replaced.

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Abstract

The invention relates to an exchange and concentration method for ions in a solution. According to the invention, separation of substances in a solution and an exchange reaction of ions in the solution are realized by combining an anionic membrane and a cationic membrane and providing a channel for ion transfer. The method realizes seawater desalination and recycling and harmless treatment of wastewater under the action of different displacement solutions; and the method is widely applicable to sewage treatment, to ion concentration, deacidification, dealkalization, desalination and saline water desalination in the process of industrial production, to production of sylvite and to mutual conversion between acid and alkali salts.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for exchanging and concentrating ions in a solution, in particular to a combined application method using an anion membrane and a cation membrane, and belongs to the technical field of membrane separation. Background technique [0002] In water treatment, including seawater desalination, chemical production, chemical separation and chemical reaction, light industry and food, atomic energy and other industrial fields, it often involves the exchange or conversion of various anions and cations in water, or separation and removal or concentration recovery, and organic matter and Separation, dehydration, purification and concentration of different kinds of substances such as water, acid, alkali and salt, and double decomposition reactions. Because of the development of the chemical industry, water pollution and the scarcity of fresh water have affected the sustainable development of the economy, water treatment and purifica...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C02F1/42C02F9/04C02F9/10C02F103/08C02F103/16C02F103/30C02F103/24
CPCY02A20/131
Inventor 秦才东
Owner 秦才东
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