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Metal material for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst and preparation method thereof

A fuel cell cathode and proton exchange membrane technology, which is applied in the direction of battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of slow reaction kinetics, high battery cost, and poor stability of fuel cells, so as to increase the surface area and reduce battery cost , the effect of improving stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-08-16
HUNAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Although proton exchange membrane fuel cells have broad application prospects, their large-scale commercial application is still limited by the following problems: 1) The reaction kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode side is slower than that of the hydrogen oxidation reaction at the anode side , thus becoming a key factor limiting the overall efficiency of the PEM fuel cell; 2) The main cost of the fuel cell comes from the expensive platinum-based catalyst, accounting for about 30% of the entire cell cost), resulting in higher cell cost
3) The poor stability of the fuel cell in the actual working environment and other issues

Method used

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  • Metal material for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst and preparation method thereof
  • Metal material for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst and preparation method thereof

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] A method for preparing a metal material for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst, using the following steps:

[0022] Step Ⅰ: Weigh 10 mg of anhydrous platinum acetylacetonate and 90 mg of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide into the first reaction bottle, pipette 4 mL of solvent oleylamine into the bottle, and then sonicate for 30 minutes to make it After forming a homogeneous system, add 15 mg of anhydrous tungsten hexacarbonyl to it, and tighten the cap of the bottle to keep the system in a closed environment. Afterwards, the reaction bottle was placed in an oil bath at 160° C. for 2 h to obtain Pt nanowires.

[0023] Step II: Weigh 36.7 mg of anhydrous gallium acetylacetonate and 100 mg of ascorbic acid into the second reaction bottle, and transfer the system containing Pt nanowires prepared in step I to the second reaction bottle, that is, the molar ratio of platinum and gallium The ratio is 1:4; ultrasonically disperse until the system is uniform, the...

Embodiment 2

[0026] After the Pt-Ga nanowire alloy loaded carbon black prepared in Example 1 is prepared as a catalyst, it is dropped on a glassy carbon electrode, and a rotating disk electrode is used to carry out an oxygen reduction test. The test results of the linear sweep voltammetry curve show that Pt -The half-wave potential of the Ga / C catalyst is 0.95V, much higher than the 0.88V of the Pt / C catalyst as a comparison; the mass activity at the potential of 0.9V is 1.70Amg -1 , which is 9.4 times that of the comparative Pt / C catalyst; the site activity at a potential of 0.9V is 2.0mAcm -2 , which is 7.9 times that of the comparative Pt / C catalyst. After 30,000 cycles, the catalyst of the Pt-Ga nanowire alloy prepared in Example 1 had only 15.6% mass activity loss, while under the same conditions, the mass activity loss of the comparative Pt / C nanocatalyst was 78.2%.

Embodiment 3

[0028] A method for preparing a metal material for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst, using the following steps:

[0029] Step Ⅰ: Weigh 15mg of anhydrous platinum chloride and 75mg of dodecyldimethylammonium bromide into the first reaction bottle, pipette 5mL of solvent oleylamine into the bottle, and then ultrasonicate for 20min It forms a homogeneous system, and 8 mg of molybdenum hexacarbonyl is added thereto, and the bottle cap is tightened to keep the system in a closed environment. Afterwards, the reaction bottle was placed in an oil bath at 180° C. for 2 h to obtain Pt nanowires.

[0030] Step II: Weigh 27.5 mg of anhydrous gallium chloride and 80 mg of glucose into the second reaction bottle, and transfer the system containing Pt nanowires prepared in step I to the second reaction bottle, that is, the molar ratio of platinum and gallium The ratio is 1:3; ultrasonically disperse until the system is uniform, then put the second reaction bottle into a...

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Abstract

The invention provides a metal material for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst. An alloy formed by platinum and gallium has a one-dimensional nanowire structure having the length of40-80nm and the diameter of 1-2nm, is provide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the metal material. Firstly Pt nanowires are obtained by reduction of the divalent metal platinum under the organic liquid condition, and a trivalent metal gallium compound and a reducing agent are added into the Pt nanowires and the alloy of Pt and Ga with the one-dimensional nanowire structure isobtained through reduction reaction. The structure of the Pt-Ga alloy material is the one-dimensional nanowire structure, the mass activity of the catalyst supported by carbon is more than nine timesof that of the Platinum-carbon nano-catalyst, the area activity of the catalyst is more than seven times than that of the Platinum-carbon nano-catalyst and the mass activity performance loss of the catalyst is only 15.7% when it is recycled 30000 times in oxygen atmosphere. Besides, the preparation method can realize high content doping of Ga element to Pt nanowires and the content is controllable, the use of the Pt element can be effectively reduced according to the requirements and the battery cost can be reduced; meanwhile, the reaction condition is mild and operation is simple.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst material and a preparation method, in particular to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst metal material and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a new type of driving power, which is composed of anode, cathode and proton exchange membrane. , Convert the chemical energy of reducing agent (hydrogen) and oxidizing agent (oxygen) into electrical energy. Compared with the lithium batteries of electric vehicles currently on the market, it takes about 8 hours to charge and can run more than 300 kilometers. The fastest charging Tesla Model S super charging station also takes 1.25 hours to fully charge. However, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell used in electric vehicles in the future only needs to be filled with hydrogen, and it only takes 3-5 minutes to travel more than 650 kilometers. More importantly, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M4/88H01M4/92
CPCH01M4/8825H01M4/9041H01M4/9058H01M4/921Y02E60/50
Inventor 黄宏文高磊袁禹亮
Owner HUNAN UNIV
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