43 results about "Mass activity" patented technology

The invention discloses a superfine medium-entropy nanoparticle catalyst for electrochemical oxidation of ethylene glycol and other micromolecules as well as a preparation method and application of the superfine medium-entropy nanoparticle catalyst. The catalyst comprises a superfine medium-entropy nano-particle metal material and a conductive substrate material, the superfine medium-entropy nano-particle metal material comprises copper metal and at least two precious metals, and the catalyst has outstanding catalytic ability. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple and convenient, and only the superfine medium-entropy nanoparticle metal material needs to be synthesized through a solvothermal method and is loaded on the conductive substrate material; the temperature of the whole synthesis process is lower than 200 DEG C, so that the problems of high cost, high energy consumption, poor stability, large potential safety hazard and the like in the traditional synthesis method are solved. The superfine medium-entropy nanoparticle catalyst prepared by the invention shows excellent performance in oxidation of micromolecules such as electro-catalysis ethylene glycol and the like. By taking ethylene glycol electrooxidation as an example, the Pb-CuPtPd MEANs-C can efficiently and stably convert ethylene glycol into glycollic acid, the mass activity of the Pb-CuPtPd MEANs-C under 0.9 V vs.RHE reaches up to 14 A mg <-1 > PtPd, and the Faraday efficiency (FEGA) of glycollic acid production is 82.3%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical catalytic materials, and relates to an efficient non-iridium nickel-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Comprising a nitrogen-sulfur bifunctional in-situ doped and modified nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide nanosheet, 2, 5-dihydroxy terephthalamide, a conductive carbon carrier, a pore-forming agent, a surface wetting agent and a cross-linking agent. The nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide is prepared by carrying out hydrothermal reaction and calcination treatment on nickel nitrate hexahydrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, thiourea and melamine under an alkaline condition, and synergistic doping of nitrogen and sulfur bifunctional groups is realized; organic-inorganic interface interaction is introduced into 2, 5-dihydroxy terephthalamide, so that the structural stability of the material is enhanced. According to the invention, the current density, the mass activity, the gas production volume, the stability and the turnover performance are obviously improved. According to the invention, the defects of insufficient conductivity, limited active sites and poor cycling stability of the existing nickel-cobalt-based catalyst are effectively overcome, and a new thought is provided for developing a low-cost and high-performance electrochemical catalyst.

This invention relates to fuel cell catalysts, their preparation methods, and fuel cells comprising the same. The fuel cell catalyst includes a conductive support and core-shell nanoparticles supported on the support. The core comprises platinum and a transition metal, and the shell comprises a dissimilar metal. The electrochemical specific activity, measured in an O2-saturated 0.1M HClO4 electrolyte solution at a scan rate of 5 mV / s and a rotation rate of 1,600 rpm within a potential range of 0.05 V to 1.05 V (vs. RHE), is 0.3 mA / cm². 2 Up to 0.6 mA / cm 2 And the mass activity is 0.05 mA / μg to 0.08 mA / μg.

The invention relates to the field of electrocatalysts, in particular to an iridium dioxide / molybdenum disulfide / carbon matrix heterostructure electrocatalyst, a preparation method and application. According to the iridium dioxide / molybdenum disulfide / carbon matrix heterostructure electrocatalyst provided by the invention, IrO2 and MoS2 in a heterojunction structure can be mutually adjusted, so that the electrocatalyst has a higher electron transfer rate, excellent hydrophilicity, proper OH * adsorption capacity and a higher deprotonation rate, has better electrochemical performance in catalytic electrolysis of water, and can be used for preparing a high-performance electrocatalyst. In an oxygen evolution reaction, the iridium oxide shows performance far superior to that of commercial iridium oxide, and has relatively low overpotential and relatively high quality activity; good electrochemical performance is shown in the aspect of hydrogen precipitation and is superior to that of commercial Pt / C; and the used material shows relatively low decomposition voltage when being applied to electrolyzed water. Therefore, the IrO2 / MoS2 / CNT heterostructure catalyst can be widely and deeply applied to electrolyzed water.

The invention provides a gallium oxide-palladium metal alkene catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, the gallium oxide-palladium metal alkene catalyst comprises palladium metal alkene with a two-dimensional lamellar structure and gallium oxide clusters supported on the surface of the palladium metal alkene in an atomic-scale dispersion mode, and the method comprises the following steps: dissolving a palladium source and a gallium source in a solution formed by formamide and N, N-dimethylformamide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving in a mixed solvent consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide under stirring to obtain a precursor solution; under a low-temperature condition, carbon monoxide gas is introduced into the precursor solution for pretreatment; carrying out constant-temperature reaction on the pretreated solution at 160 + / -10 DEG C; the gallium oxide-palladium metal alkene catalyst is obtained by sequentially cleaning and separating a product obtained after the reaction, due to the existence of gallium oxide clusters, the electronic structure of Pd can be adjusted, the reaction is accelerated in the oxygen reduction reaction process, meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, the half-wave potential is high, and the quality activity is high.

This paper discloses a 3d transition metal M-rare earth metal R bicomponent carbon-supported Pt catalyst, its preparation method, and its application. It relates to the catalyst supported on carbon doped with Pt, its preparation method, and its application. This catalyst aims to address the poor catalytic activity and stability of existing Pt / C catalysts. The catalyst consists of Pt nanoparticles supported on an M-R bicomponent carbon support, where M is Fe, Co, Ni, or Zn, and R is Ce, Nd, or Gd. Preparation method: M and R ions are complexed with a nitrogen source ligand on a carbon surface and then carbonized at high temperature to obtain the M-R bicomponent carbon support. Then, Pt is loaded using a microwave reduction method to obtain the M-R bicomponent carbon-supported Pt catalyst. The mass activities of Pt / Fe-Ce-NC and Pt / Co-Ce-NC are 0.27 and 0.22 A / mg, respectively. Pt It is 2.8 and 2.3 times that of Pt / C, and can be used in the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

The application discloses a Ti-RuO2 acidic oxygen evolution catalyst based on a strain modulation strategy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production catalysts. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing TiO2 with an acidic solution to adjust pH and then dispersing to obtain a TiO2 dispersion liquid; S2, adding the TiO2 dispersion liquid to a soluble Ru salt under ice bath conditions to stir to obtain a mixed solution; S3, mixing the mixed solution with an alkaline solution to stir to adjust pH, and then freeze-drying to obtain a precursor; and S4, immediately pyrolyzing the precursor at high temperature, and then quickly taking out to cool to obtain the Ti-RuO2 acidic oxygen evolution catalyst based on the strain modulation strategy. The mass activity of the obtained catalyst at 1.53V is 6 times that of a commercial RuO2, and the stability is 830h under a current density of 10mA cm ‑2 .

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell catalyst preparation, and particularly relates to a superfine PtCo ordered nano-alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a ZIF precursor; 2) mixing and calcining the ZIF precursor, KCl and NH4Cl to obtain a carbon carrier; (3) loading the superfine Pt nano particles on the carbon carrier; (4) loading a Co source on a product obtained in the step (3); and 5) performing high-temperature annealing under the protection of reducing atmosphere and inorganic salt to obtain the PtCo ordered nano-alloy catalyst. According to the preparation method of the superfine PtCo ordered nano-alloy catalyst, controllable preparation of the high-dispersion Pt nano-alloy is realized through a two-step inorganic salt heat treatment method, a larger effective active area and higher catalyst mass activity are obtained, and a material basis is provided for reducing the manufacturing cost of a fuel cell membrane electrode.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a heterostructure catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The heterostructure catalyst comprises a carbon carrier and metal particles loaded on the carbon carrier, the metal particles comprise PdZn nano alloy and Co nano particles; and a heterojunction interface structure is arranged between the PdZn nano-alloy and the Co nano-particles. The PdZn alloy particles and the Co particles form a particle-particle heterostructure with a strong interface coupling effect, the EOR catalytic activity of the heterostructure catalyst is improved, the EOR catalytic activity is almost 10.7 times of the mass activity of a traditional Pd / C catalyst, and the catalyst can be applied to an anode catalyst of a direct ethanol fuel cell. Meanwhile, the method also has higher C1 pathway selectivity, effectively improves the utilization rate of the ethanol fuel, has a remarkable cost advantage, and can be used for manufacturing ethanol fuel cells.

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to processes for forming electrodes comprising bimetallic catalysts and to processes for forming electrodes comprising trimetallic catalysts. In an aspect, a process for making an electrode comprising carbon-supported metal alloy nanoparticles is provided. The process includes applying a plurality of first voltage cycles to an initial electrode, the initial electrode including metal alloy nanoparticles that includes platinum and one or more Group 8-11 metals, the one or more Group 8-11 metals free of Pt; and a carbon source. The process further includes applying a plurality of second voltage cycles to form a final electrode, the metal alloy nanoparticles of the final electrode having an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mass activity that is greater than the ORR mass activity of the initial electrode.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a surface platinum-enriched high-entropy alloy hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst by an atomic layer deposition technology. According to the method, controllable deposition and uniform distribution of platinum atoms are realized by utilizing self-limiting reaction of atomic layer deposition. Compared with an existing heat treatment, pulse annealing, wet chemical epitaxy or replacement modification method, the method has the advantages that precise deposition of atomic-scale platinum can be achieved, the problems of high-entropy base surface precious metal agglomeration, non-uniform enrichment, uncontrollable diffusion and the like are solved, and therefore the precious metal utilization efficiency and the surface structure controllability are remarkably improved. Through verification, the surface regulation strategy enables the catalyst to show lower overpotential, faster dynamics and higher quality activity in a hydrogen evolution reaction. According to the technical route, a new method is provided for high-entropy alloy surface engineering, and a new thought is provided for constructing an electro-catalytic material with high activity and high precious metal utilization rate.

This invention relates to the field of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology, and discloses a method for testing the utilization rate of anode catalysts in PEM electrolyzers. The method includes: obtaining the intrinsic mass activity and intrinsic electrochemical active area; obtaining the apparent mass activity of the membrane electrode and the charge transport performance parameters of the membrane electrode catalyst layer; calculating a first parameter characterizing the degree of activity; obtaining the accessible electrochemical active area of ​​the membrane electrode catalyst layer under actual operating conditions, and calculating a second parameter characterizing the accessibility of active sites based on the intrinsic electrochemical active area; calculating theoretical charge transfer performance parameters based on the intrinsic electrochemical active area, and calculating a third parameter characterizing charge transport efficiency in combination with the charge transport performance parameters; comparing the relative magnitudes of the parameters to determine the root cause type. This invention achieves multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation of the utilization rate of anode catalysts in PEM electrolyzers and intelligent diagnosis of failure root causes.

The invention discloses a Pt-MxP / M-N-C catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, relates to a Pt-based catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of poor activity and stability of the existing Pt-based catalyst. According to the catalyst, metal Pt and MxP are evenly compounded and supported on an M-N-C carrier, M-N-C is obtained through high-temperature pyrolysis of M-ZIF-8, Pt is obtained through a microwave ethylene glycol reduction method and supported on the M-N-C carrier, and MxP is obtained through phosphating aftertreatment of a phosphor salt precursor and the catalyst; m is Co, Zn or Ni; the preparation method comprises the following steps: supporting Pt on M-N-C by a microwave ethylene glycol method, and then carrying out high-temperature phosphating post-treatment to form MxP, thereby obtaining the Pt-MxP / M-N-C catalyst. Wherein the mass activity of the Pt-Co2P / Co-N-C catalyst reaches 0.213 mA / [mu] gPt, and the Pt-Co2P / Co-N-C catalyst can be used in the field of fuel cell catalysis.

The application discloses an Ir-doped WO3@TiN and a preparation method and application thereof, designs a composite carrier of WO3 and TiN, and effectively improves the catalytic effect of noble metal Ir. WO3 and TiN are combined as a carrier through a hydrothermal reaction, in the process, free Ti in the solution is doped into the position of W atoms, the number of oxygen vacancies in WO3 is increased, the electronic configuration of Ir is optimized, and the OER reaction is facilitated; in addition, a large number of pores are generated when the hexagonal rod structure WO3 is combined with the particle structure TiN, the diffusion of water and oxygen in the PEMWE process is promoted, compared with other single materials as a carrier, the Ir / WO3@TiN has more comprehensive advantages and higher structural dimension, and the activity and stability of the reaction are increased. The three-electrode test result shows that the Ir / WO3@TiN only needs an overpotential of 253 mV to reach 10 mA cm ‑2 , and the Tafel slope is only 47.35 mV dec ‑1 . The mass activity (MA) can reach 920.93 mA mgIr ‑1 at 1.53 V vs RHE.

The application discloses a kind of two-dimensional Pd nanosheet electrocatalysts rich in grain boundary and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical catalysis;The application is with acetylacetone palladium as precursor, ascorbic acid and carbon monoxide as reducing agent, oleylamine as solvent, heating reaction in high temperature reaction kettle;After reaction is completed, the obtained mixture is washed and dried, and finally the ultra-thin two-dimensional Pd nanosheet rich in grain boundary is prepared;The application not only can greatly increase basal plane active site, but also helps to optimize the electronic structure of catalyst, effectively improves catalytic performance and mass activity, and the synthesized two-dimensional Pd nanosheet rich in grain boundary can be used for fuel cell, metal air battery and efficient electrocatalyst in electrochemical oxygen reduction process.

The application discloses a Pt-CuGaO2 / C composite catalyst for an anode of a direct methanol fuel cell and a preparation method thereof; the catalyst takes a copper gallium oxide with a structure of ABO2 as a carrier of nano platinum, and the loading of the nano platinum is 5-15 wt.%; during the preparation, the copper gallium oxide carrier is synthesized by a hydrothermal method, the nano platinum is reduced by a polyol heating method, and the carbon powder is loaded by a microwave intermittent reaction method, so that the Pt-CuGaO2 / C composite direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst with high efficiency and stability is obtained; the 5 wt.% catalyst obtains a 653.4 mA / mg Pt ‑1 mass activity, 2.53 mA / cm 2 specific activity of 25.83 m 2 A / g of electrochemical active area, and a ratio (I f / I b ) of a forward peak current density to a reverse peak current density of an index of carbon monoxide poisoning resistance is 1.50; all the catalytic activity indexes are better than those of a commercial Pt / C catalyst, and the Pt-CuGaO2 / C composite direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst has a potential application prospect.

The application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by hydrolysis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a tungsten oxide supported platinum catalyst by photoreduction and electrochemical seawater hydrogen evolution application thereof. The tungsten oxide supported platinum catalyst (Pt / WO3) prepared by using the in-situ photoreduction strategy, wherein the WO3 carrier can not only promote water dissociation, but also can regulate the microenvironment around the Pt nanoparticles by enriching hydrogen ions, thereby reducing the hydrogen evolution reaction energy barrier and improving the catalyst performance. In addition, due to the protection of the WO3 carrier, the Pt / WO3 catalyst can effectively avoid the corrosion of chloride ions in seawater, thereby improving the stability of the catalyst. Therefore, when the Pt / WO3 is applied to electrolytic seawater hydrogen evolution, the overpotential thereof is only 298 mV at 10 mA·cm ‑2 , the mass activity is 7 times that of the commercial Pt / C, and has a long-term stability of up to 140 h, which shows excellent electrolytic seawater hydrogen evolution activity and stability.

The invention provides a gradient phosphating Pt-based catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the technical problems of low activity, poor stability and non-uniform phosphorus distribution of the existing Pt-based catalyst. The catalyst is formed by compounding an ordered alloy core and a gradient phosphating shell layer, the phosphorus content of the gradient phosphating shell layer is gradually reduced from the surface to a core area, and atomic-scale ordered arrangement and Pt / P element uniform distribution are achieved. The catalyst combines high stability of an L10 ordered structure and optimization of a gradient phosphorization shell layer on adsorption of a reaction intermediate, so that the catalyst shows excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity and durability in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the oxygen reduction mass activity in 0.1 M HClO4 reaches 0.693 mA / mu gPt and is improved by 7.8 times compared with commercial Pt / C; after an accelerated durability test, the half-wave potential is only attenuated by 9mV, the mass activity attenuation rate is less than 6%, and the material is suitable for a high-performance fuel cell cathode material.

The application discloses a catalyst, a preparation method thereof and a fuel cell, and the catalyst comprises an inner core and a shell coated on the surface of the inner core, the inner core is a composite of a PtM alloy and C, and the shell is a nitrogen-doped carbon layer, and M single atoms are distributed in the nitrogen-doped carbon layer; wherein, M is a non-noble metal. The catalyst has stable structure, rich active sites and excellent ORR catalytic activity, and the mass activity of the catalyst is superior to that of unmodified commercial platinum carbon, and the catalyst has excellent cycle stability, and the mass activity of the catalyst after being cycled at a low potential for a period of time is higher than the initial mass activity; in addition, when the catalyst is used in the fuel cell, the power density and stability of the fuel cell can be improved.

Metastable alloys have recently emerged as high-performance catalysts, extending the toolbox of binary alloy materials that can be utilized to mediate electrocatalytic reactions. In particular, nanostructured metastable ordered intermetallic compounds are particularly challenging to synthesize. Here the present invention is directed to a method for synthesizing sub-15 nm metastable ordered intermetallic Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles at room temperature, in a single step, by pulsed electrochemical deposition onto high surface area carbon supports. The resulting Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles displays a 7× enhancement of the mass activity relative to Pt / C and a 4× enhancement relative to Pd / C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The high performance of Pd31Bi12 nanoparticles is demonstrated to arise from reduced oxygen binding caused by alloying of Pd with Bi. The isolation of Pd-sites from each other facilitate methanol tolerant ORR behavior.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a PtC long-acting catalyst based on N and S coordination. The key point of the technical scheme is that the PtC long-acting catalyst is composed of an ordered mesoporous carbon carrier, an N-S coordination layer and a Pt active component, the pore diameter of the ordered mesoporous carbon carrier is 5-10 nm, the specific surface area is 800-1200 m / g, and the pore volume is 0.8-1.2 cm / g; the N-S coordination layer is formed by co-modification of dopamine and thioacetamide, the doping amount of an N element is 8-10 at%, the doping amount of an S element is 2-3 at%, and the molar ratio of N atoms to S atoms is 4: 1-5: 1; the Pt active component is loaded on the surface of the N-S coordination layer in a nano-particle form; the long-acting stability leap-type improvement can be realized: the binding energy of Pt and the carrier can be improved to 2.8 eV or above through an N-Pt-S bridging coordination structure, the Pt particle size increase amplitude is controlled within 15% after 100,000 times of circulation, and the mass activity retention rate reaches 85% or above; the Pt wastage rate in an acid environment is lower than that of a traditional PtC catalyst and is reduced by 70%.

The invention relates to a carbon monoxide poisoning resistant hydrogen fuel cell catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cell catalysts. The catalyst is composed of a modified carbon carrier, an active component and an auxiliary component, the active component is Pt, and the auxiliary components are Ti and Ru; the catalyst not only has good dispersibility of active components and good mass activity, but also has good CO poisoning resistance. According to the method, the modification of the ruthenium and titanium composite oxide on the carbon carrier is completed in one step by adopting a ball milling method, and the structural stability of the carbon carrier and the CO poisoning resistance of the catalyst are enhanced while abundant Pt anchoring sites are provided; according to the ball-milling process, high dispersion of ruthenium, titanium oxide and Pt on a carbon carrier is promoted by adding a small amount of grinding aid instead of using a solvent, so that generation of waste liquid is effectively reduced, and the greenization degree of the production process is improved.

The present invention discloses a Ru / Ni-3DONMC catalyst, a preparation method, and an application thereof, and relates to the field of new energy materials and electrochemical catalysis technology. The present invention uses independently designed ordered SiO2 microspheres self-assembled as a template to construct a nitrogen-doped carbon carrier with a three-dimensional ordered hierarchical pore structure, and combines a bimetallic precursor adsorption impregnation and thermal reduction process to successfully prepare a composite catalytic system with multi-level active centers. The catalyst of the present invention exhibits excellent bifunctional catalytic performance in alkaline media: the hydrogen evolution reaction is at 10 mA cm ‑2 Only 16 mV overpotential is required at this current density, and the Tafel slope is as low as 40.54 mV / dec; it has a high conductivity of 2.55 mA cm in the hydrogen oxidation reaction. ‑2 High limiting current density and excellent mass activity strongly demonstrate that the single-atom-nanocluster synergistic regulation strategy can effectively enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity and long-term operational stability of hydrogen electrochemical reactions.

The application discloses a Pt / C catalyst doped with a surface stability metal G, a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of poor catalytic activity and poor adaptability of the existing Pt / C catalyst. In the Pt / C catalyst doped with the surface stability metal G, G atoms are uniformly distributed on the surface of Pt particles, and G is one or more of Au, Mo and W; the mass percentage of Pt in the catalyst is 10% to 30%. The catalyst is obtained by impregnating a salt solution of the stability metal G, evaporating and adsorbing on the surface of the Pt / C catalyst, and reducing by low-temperature annealing. The mass activity of the catalyst is 0.131 to 0.168 mA / μg Pt , and the half-wave potential is 0.896 to 0.905 V. After being aged for 30000 cycles, the peak power density value of the fuel cell assembled by the catalyst only decreases by 0.6 W, and the stability is good. The catalyst can be applied to the field of fuel cells.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts, and discloses a high-entropy alloy nanocube platinum-based catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetraethylene glycol, potassium iodide and a transition metal precursor, carrying out microwave radiation heating treatment, and loading a product on a substrate to obtain the high-entropy alloy nanocube platinum-based catalyst. The high-entropy alloy element in the high-entropy alloy nano cubic platinum-based catalyst is PtAuFeNiCo, PtAuFeNiCoMn, PtAuFeNiCoCu or PtAuFeNiCoMnCu, and the high-entropy alloy element in the high-entropy alloy nano cubic platinum-based catalyst can be used for preparing the high-entropy alloy nano cubic platinum-based catalyst. The catalyst provided by the invention has high catalytic activity, ultrahigh mass activity and excellent stability. The catalyst provided by the invention is used in a hydrogen evolution reaction.

The invention discloses an ultra-small-size ruthenium-rhenium-oxygen solid solution particle water electrolysis catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Ruthenium-rhenium alloy grows on the surface of rhenium trioxide through a solvothermal method to obtain a ruthenium-rhenium-oxygen solid solution, XPS characterization proves that the product contains multivalent ruthenium and rhenium components and a rhenium trioxide carrier, the particle size of ruthenium-rhenium nanoparticles on the carrier is 1-3 nm, and the utilization rate of ruthenium is greatly increased. An electrochemical test shows that the mass activity, the stability and the cost performance of the catalyst in a pure seawater electrolytic reaction are higher than those of commercial platinum. The catalyst has great significance on commercialization of a direct seawater electrolysis hydrogen production technology.

This invention provides a method for preparing a ruthenium-manganese co-doped iridium dioxide anode catalyst, belonging to the field of hydrogen production through water electrolysis. In this invention, iridium trichloride, ruthenium trichloride, and manganese dioxide are dissolved in deionized water in a specific ratio. Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 is added, and the pH is adjusted to 10.5-11.5 with sodium hydroxide solution. The mixture is then transferred to a high-pressure reactor, where oxygen is introduced to purge nitrogen, and the temperature is raised to 120-160°C. A pressurized oxidation reaction is carried out while controlling the oxygen partial pressure at 0.8-1.2 MPa. The resulting oxidation product is then sequentially washed with sodium hydroxide and deionized water by centrifugation, followed by ultrasonic washing with anhydrous ethanol, and finally dried to obtain Ir. x Ru y Mn 1‑x‑y O2 anode catalyst. This invention uses a pressure oxidation method to prepare ruthenium-manganese co-doped iridium dioxide catalyst, which significantly improves the catalyst's activity and stability; the obtained doped catalyst, compared with commercial IrO2 catalysts, exhibits improved activity and stability at 10 mA / cm². 2 The OER overpotential at current density decreased by more than 37 mV, and the mass activity retention rate reached more than 90% after 5000 cycles.

The invention provides a ruthenium-molybdenum carbide composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of seawater electrolysis hydrogen desorption. The present invention discloses a Ru cluster incorporating N-doped MoC (represented as Ru at NMoC), which reoptimizes the local electronic structure of the Ru cluster and balances the reaction steps, thereby solving performance limitations within the reaction system. Ru / NMoC respectively shows ultra-low overpotentials of 8, 17 and 20 mV in 1MKOH, 1MKOH + 0.5 MNaC l and 1MKOH seawater, the turnover frequency (TOF) is about 14 times of that of commercial Pt / C, the mass activity is about 31 times of that of commercial Pt / C, the mechanism is strong dissociation capability and stable local charge structure of interface water, then, through N doping, the electronic state is self-optimized, the adsorption of reactants is dynamically adjusted, the energy barrier of water dissociation is reduced, and the water dissociation efficiency is improved. Therefore, the overall reaction kinetics is accelerated.

This invention relates to a method for preparing a carbon-supported core-shell platinum-nickel catalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The method involves thoroughly impregnating a carbon support with nickel salt and palladium nitrate, adjusting the pH of the impregnation solution with sodium hydroxide to obtain a precursor solution for preparing the nickel core, transferring it to a reactor, heating it to 120-180°C, and introducing hydrogen gas for a first pressurized hydrogen reduction to obtain carbon-supported nickel nanoparticles. Subsequently, the carbon-supported nickel nanoparticles are mixed with a platinum nitrate solution, and the solution pH is adjusted with ammonia water for a second impregnation and ultrasonic stirring. The mixture is then transferred to a reactor, heated to 40-90°C, and introduced hydrogen gas for a second pressurized hydrogen reduction to obtain the carbon-supported core-shell platinum-nickel catalyst product. The mass activity of the core-shell platinum-nickel catalyst prepared by this invention exceeds 0.70 A·mg. Pt ‑1 It is superior to the 0.25 A·mg of mainstream platinum-carbon catalysts currently on the market. Pt ‑1 .

This invention discloses an anode catalyst for high-concentration formic acid fuel cells, and for the first time synthesizes a three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material with a width of 600–900 nm and a thickness of 55–80 nm. Its performance at 0.1 mol / L... ‑1 Perchloric acid and 3.0 mol L ‑1 The mass activity of formic acid oxidation in a mixed formic acid solution is 8.2 A mg. ‑1 The surface activity is 11.8 mA cm⁻¹. ‑2 These figures are 15.7 and 13.1 times higher than those of commercially available carbon-supported platinum, respectively. In stability testing, the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite exhibited a residual activity of 1.33 A mg after a 3600 s iterative test. ‑1 It is 221.6 times that of commercial Pt / C. At 15.0 mol L⁻¹ ‑1 In a practical direct formic acid fuel cell using formic acid as fuel, the peak power density of the three-dimensional Pt / Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposite material is 156.1 mW / cm². ‑2 The peak power density of commercially available carbon-supported platinum is only 77.0 mW / cm². ‑2 .