Comprehensive recovery process for antimony smelting arsenic alkali residues

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive recovery process for antimony smelting arsenic alkali residues. The comprehensive recovery process comprises the following steps of (1) crushing and briquetting, specifically, firstly breaking the antimony smelting arsenic alkali residues, then mixing the broken antimony smelting arsenic alkali residues with a reducing agent, a slag former and fuel, finely grinding the mixture, adding water for mixing and preparing the mixture into a block mass; (2) arsenic and antimony pyrogenic volatilization, specifically, calcining and volatilizing to obtain alkaline residues and an antimony-containing arsenic trioxide crude product; (3) alkaline residue leaching, specifically, firstly breaking the alkaline residues, finely grinding the broken alkaline residues, after adding water, carrying out heating leaching, solid-liquid separation, and washing to obtain silicon dioxide residues and an arsenic-containing alkaline solution; and (4) arsenic removal and purification of the alkaline solution, specifically, adding an arsenic removal agent and a purifying agent into the arsenic-containing alkali solution, heating for deep arsenic removal reaction, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain calcium arsenate / calcium hydroxide mixed salt and arsenic-removed alkali solution, and concentrating and crystallizing the arsenic-removed alkali solution to obtain solid sodium hydroxide / sodium carbonate mixed alkali. The method is high in arsenic and antimony volatilization rate, high in alkali recovery rate and extremely low in arsenic content, byproducts can be efficiently recycled, no three wastes are discharged, the cost is low, harmlessness and recycling of the arsenic alkali residues are achieved, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial treatment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention specifically relates to a comprehensive recovery process of antimony, arsenic and alkali slag. Background technique [0002] my country's antimony resource reserves and output both rank first in the world, mainly concentrated in Hunan and Guangxi. Among them, the Lengshuijiang tin mining area in Hunan Province has antimony ore reserves accounting for more than 60% of the world's total reserves, and the output of antimony products accounts for 80% of the world's total output. At present, in antimony metallurgical production, no matter whether pyrometallurgical or wet method is adopted, the process of adding alkali to remove arsenic is indispensable. For example, 95% of antimony smelting production in my country adopts pyrometallurgical smelting process. Soda ash or sodium hydroxide removes arsenic to obtain refined antimony. Therefore, the antimony smelting process will produce arsenic-containing solid waste, that is, arsenic-alkali slag. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] CN109371252A discloses a device and method for combined fire and wet treatment of antimony, arsenic and alkali slag. Arsenic-alkali slag, however, the arsenic removal agent used is a mixture of sodium chlorate, iron sulfate and polyacrylamide, its composition is complex, and will cause: 1) The slag after arsenic removal is not suitable for reprocessing, if it is returned to the furnace After calcination, due to the presence of chloride ions, it is easy to aggravate the corrosion of the fire furnace and the subsequent dust collection system, so it becomes a hazardous waste containing arsenic; 2) The lye after arsenic removal still contains 40-50ppm of arsenic Content, so that the use of lye is subject to certain restrictions

[0010]CN104120274A discloses a method and device for treating arsenic-alkali slag, which uses a full wet process, mainly to separate arsenic and antimony, and return the separated antimony to the antimony refining system , however, the arsenic-containing alkali solution is not further treated, which is an incomplete treatment method for arsenic-alkali slag

However, the disadvantages of this method are that first, antimony and arsenic are reduced with carbon, and it is difficult to control the non-reduction of arsenic; second, a large number of glass blocks will be produced, and long-term storage of glass blocks is also a great environmental risk

This method can effectively and thoroughly treat the secondary arsenic-alkali slag in a harmless manner. However, the disadvantage is that 1) the material is reacted in a molten state, and the system needs to be at a relatively high temperature (1200-1500°C), resulting in disposal costs 2) The obtained sodium oxide contains more impurities such as silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, etc., and it is difficult to be used as a raw material in the glass industry without treatment, so its use is limited and it may become a new hazardous solid waste containing arsenic