Provided in the present invention are an immunohistochemical quality control reference object and a method for quality control using the reference object. In the present invention, particles solidified by a glucan solution are used to simulate biological tissue, and target antigen proteins are uniformly embedded in the particles. The solid glucan particles in which the target antigens are embedded are formed into a paraffin block after being dehydrated, transparentized, wax-dipped and paraffin-embedded, and the paraffin block is stuck to a glass slide after being sliced on a slicer, so as to be dyed together with tissue to be detected. In the method of the present invention, negative control, positive control and antigen retrieval control are designed according to different materials, and the purpose of quality control is achieved through a dyeing result of a reference object.