The invention discloses a dual-protection vacuum blood collection tube, which comprises a tube body, an inner liner tube and a seal ring, the inner liner tube is contained in the tube body, the orifice brim of the inner liner tube is wrapped by the seal ring, moreover, the inner liner tube is elastically fastened on the inner wall of the tube body by the seal ring, a PP (polypropylene) test tube is adopted as the inner liner tube, a plastic tube is adopted as the tube body, and furthermore, the upper end of the tube body is provided with a protective gas layer. The dual-protection vacuum blood collection tube is integrated with the non-fragility of the single PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastic tube and the waterproofness of the PP test tube, and utilizes the protective gas layer to isolate a blood sample from contacting with the air, thus ensuring the accuracy of a blood test result, the entire structure is simple, and the practicability is high.