150 results about "Megalobrama" patented technology

The invention relates to a mixed feed for mixed aquaculture of freshwater fishes. The mixed feed includes a basic material. The basic material includes fish meal, soybean meal, wheat, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal and soybean oil, and also includes by weight: 1.5-2.2% of calcium phosphate, 1.5-2.2% of bentonite, 1.5-2.2% of zeolite powder, 0.1-0.25% of choline chloride, 0.1-0.25% of salt, 0.02-0.05% of compound probiotics, 0.04-0.08% of vitamin C, 0.005-0.02% of allicin, 1.0-2.0% of compound vitamins and 1.0-2.5% of compound mineral salts. The feed is suitable for intensive culture or polyculture of megalobrama amblycephala, black carp, grass carp, common carp and the like, so that the freshwater fish feed is generalized, the return rate of the feed is improved, the aquaculture water eutrophication and fish liver and gallbladder diseases are reduced, the output of unit aquatic products is raised, and the economic benefits of farmers are significantly improved.

The invention discloses an edible film-coating freshness preservation agent used for megalobrama amblycephala, which belongs to the technical fields of the freshness preservation and the processing of aquatic products. The freshness preservation agent is a water solution prepared by dissolving the following components in water, wherein each component and the concentration thereof in the water solution are as follows: 14-16g/L of sodium alginate, 95-105g/L of glycerol and 40-60g/L of ascorbate. The invention also discloses a use method of the freshness preservation agent. After the film-coating freshness preservation agent is used for the film coating of the megalobrama amblycephala, a layer of film can be formed on the surface of the megalobrama amblycephala and acts as the functions of reducing bacterial pollution, prohibiting microbial growth, attenuating air oxidation and slowing down the lipid oxidation rate, and the effect of freshness preservation is obviously superior to that of an ordinary low-temperature preservation method. The use method of the film-coating freshness preservation agent is simple, the equipment investment is little, the operation site is small, and the film-coating freshness preservation agent can be suitable for industrial mass production.

The invention relates to a method for optimal seedling selection and breeding of novel carassius auratus gibelio series, which comprises the following steps: (1) extracting an egg of a Fangzheng crucian carp; (2) extracting a sperm of a Xingguo red carp; (3) stimulating the female nucleus of the egg of the crucian carps for development to generate an offspring through the sperm of the Xingguo red carp; (3) extracting a sperm of a grass carp and a sperm of a megalobrama amblycephala, and extracting an egg of the offspring generated in the previous step; (5) stimulating the female nucleus of the egg of the offspring generated Step (3) for development with the sperm of the grass carp and the sperm of the megalobrama amblycephala; and (6) breeding the improved seedling. The invention has the following technical effects that: 1) the novel carassius auratus gibelio series with genetic stability can be obtained; 2) the sporozoon resistance of the bred novel carassius auratus gibelio series can be significantly improved; 3) the growth speed of the bred novel carassius auratus gibelio series is high, and the intestinal length/full length is increased, thereby facilitating the improvement of the digestibility; and 4) the thickness of the dorsal muscles and the tightness of the scales of the bred novel carassius auratus gibelio series are improved, the survival rate in the long-distance transport is more than 95 percent, the visceral mass is reduced, the body length is increased, and the intramuscular bones are decreased.

The invention relates to a fishing, loading and high-density transportation method for megalobrama amblycephala fries. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) resisting against stress: before fishing fries, periodically adding a certain amount of vitamin C into a feedstuff and spilling high-stability vitamin C into an entire pond; and stopping feeding of the feedstuff one day before fishing; (2) fishing: laying a polyethylene net to fish fries at the water temperature of 8-10 DEG C in the fish pond; taking the fries with robust bodies; and controlling the time within 0.5-1.5 hours; (3) loading: loading the fries in a fish transportation water tank, wherein the temperature of water body in the fish transportation water tank is 8-10 DEG C; and after the fries are loaded, keeping the water level in the fish transportation water tank close to the top of the tank; and (4) transporting: controlling the water temperature to be 8-10 DEG C; transporting through a flowing water truck through aeration of an oxygen bottle; after a destination is arrived, mixing the fresh water which is gradually added into the pond with old water in the transportation water tank; adapting the fries to new environment and the temperature of the water body; and then transferring into a culture pond. By using the method, the megalobrama amblycephala adult fishes can be successfully fished, loaded and transported for a long distance at high density with high survival rate.

The invention discloses an immune-enhanced feed for Megalobrama amblycephala and a production method for the immune-enhanced feed. The feed mainly comprises fructo-oligosaccharide, a water extract of full honeysuckle and choline in a weight ratio of (0.05-0.2):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.2). The feed ensures that the Megalobrama amblycephala has balanced nutrition, promotes the growth, can strengthen immunocompetence, catching survival rate and transportation resistance and reduce the rotting rate of fish bodies, and can be used for industrialized production, and the cost of the feed is reduced.

The invention relates to cultivation gynogenetic fish, in particular to a method for cultivating gynogenetic carps. The method comprises the following steps of: performing artificial induced spawning on male megalobrama amblycephala and female ordinary carps which serve as male and female parent fish, mixing megalobrama amblycephala sperms inactivated by ultraviolet rays and mature ova of the ordinary carps, activating for 1 to 2 minutes, performing cold shock on the activated ova at the temperature of between 0 and 4 DEG C for 30 to 40 minutes, and incubating embryos obtained by the cold shock at the water temperature of between 20 and 21 DEG C to obtain diploid gynogenetic carps. The gynogenetic carps cultivated by the method have excellent descendant properties, high survival rate and stable inheritance, and have the great significance for the study on biological genetic breeding.

The invention discloses a breeding method for amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps and an establishment method for strains of the crucian carps. The breeding method includes the following steps that allotetraploid crucian carps are selected from crucian carp hybridization F1 offspring with red crucian carps as female parents and megalobrama amblycephala as male parents, female individuals capable of generating ova of different sizes and male individuals capable of generating watery semen are selected from the allotetraploid crucian carps for hasten parturition, insemination is carried out manually through a dry method, running water incubation is conducted on fertilized ova, then the fertilized ova are bred, and the amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps are selected from selfing offspring. Selfing is carried out on the male individuals and the female individuals in the obtained autotetraploid crucian carps, and the strains of the amphiprotic fertile autotetraploid crucian carps can be established and obtained through multi-offspring breeding. Ploid hybridization is conducted on the autotetraploid crucian carp colonies obtained through the breeding method and diploid crucian carps, so allotriploid fishes can be bred on a large scale. The strains of the crucian carps obtained through the breeding method are excellent in character, stable in heredity and high in fertilization rate and hatchability, and the breeding method has a great significance in genetic research of fishes.

The invention relates to an application of yucca in a compound feed for megalobrama amblycephala and a formula of the feed, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture. A yucca extract is added in the compound feed for the megalobrama amblycephala and the compound feed comprises the following raw materials by weight percent: 3-6% of fish meal, 7-12% of soybean meal, 16-20% of cotton seed meal, 16-20% of rapeseed meal, 12-15% of rubber seed cake, 8-12% of wheat bran, 10-15% of rice bran, 2-4% of soybean oil, 0.3-0.5% of soybean lecithin, 0.015-0.06% of yucca extract, 1.0-1.8% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.05-0.1% of vitamin C phosphate ester, 0.1-0.2% of choline chloride, 0.01-0.03% of ethoxy quinoline, 2-3% of zeolite powder, 0.2-0.4% of table salt, 1-3% of bentonite, 0.5-1.0% of mineral substance premixture and 0.5-1.0% of vitamin premixture. Using amount of medicines such as antibiotics are reduced, the quality safety of aquatic products is guaranteed, the anti-stress capability and the disease resistance capability of the megalobrama amblycephala are enhanced, the growth of the megalobrama amblycephala is promoted and therefore, the culturing benefit of the megalobrama amblycephala is increased.

A method for distant hybridization between subfamilies of cyprinus carpio and megalobrama amblycephala includes the following steps that firstly, female cyprinus carpio and male megalobrama amblycephala which have obvious sexual maturity characteristics and good somatic features are selected as parent fishes for special pool breeding, then, artificial spawning induction is conducted on the parent finishes in a breeding season, the parent fishes with a good spawning induction effect are selected to be subjected to artificial dry-method fertilization, running water incubation is conducted on fertilized embryos in a pure water incubation device, fish fry are raised after being incubated, the raised fish fry are detected and screened, hybrid offspring of the cyprinus carpio and the megalobrama amblycephala are obtained through flow cytometry DNA content determination and renal tissue chromosome ploidy detection, and the hybrid offspring comprise diploid natural gynogenesis cyprinus carpio, diploid natural gynogenesis mirror carps, diploid fish like the cyprinus carpio and tetraploid hybrid fish. The method has the advantages that the rate of fertilization is high, the incubating rate is high, the offspring are excellent in character, and the method has great significance in genetic breeding.

The invention relates to a protein-saving compound feed for young megalobrama amblycephalas and a preparation method of the protein-saving compound feed. The feed is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 3-5% of fish meal, 17-22% of soybean meal, 10-15% of rapeseed meal, 10-15% of cottonseed meal, 8-10% of peanut meal, 3-5% of whole-milk extruded soybean, 5-8% of whole-milk vegetable seed, 5-8% fermented cottonseed meal, 3-5% of corn lee protein, 8-10% of wheat bran, 8-10% of wheat shorts, 1-2% of alpha-starch, 0.05-0.1% of bile acid and salt emulsifying agent, 0.015-0.03% of glycyrrhetinic acid, 1% of monocalcium phosphate and 1% of compound-premix for intensively-cultured fishes. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: stirring the raw materials in a stirring machine and introducing steam to prepare grains with the grain size of 1-2mm, and then, dewatering and cooling to the room temperature. By using the protein-saving compound feed for the young megalobrama amblycephalas, provided by the invention, the problem of unbalanced nutrition of the compound feed in the current culture of the young megalobrama amblycephalas is solved, the physical condition of the of the young megalobrama amblycephalas is improved, the growth speed of the young megalobrama amblycephalas and the feed utilization ratio are increased, and the feed production cost and the pollution to a water body in the culture process can be reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fish breeding, relates to the technical field of molecular markers, and particularly relates to a method for accurately identifying a megalobrama amblycephala polyculture family by utilizing a microsatellite marker. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adopting an artificial propagation method for breeding a megalobrama amblycephala family,and breeding 54 family progenies in a same pond for polyculture; (2) adopting a fluorescent marker primer and a nested PCR amplification method for analyzing genotypes of a parent at 12 microsatellite sites, and screening out effective microsatellites suitable for family identification; (3) analyzing the genotypes of the family progenies in polyculture at the effective microsatellite sites; and (4) identifying parent sources of all the progenies. In the invention, a paternity test method is established for megalobrama amblycephala for the first time, with the identification accuracy rate up to 98.4%. Through the family screening and identification, the phenomenon of inbreeding existing in the breeding of megalobrama amblycephala in groups can be reduced so as to be more advantageous to the realization of family breeding, speed up the process of breeding, and improve the breeding effect.

The invention discloses a microsatellite molecular marker related to growth character of megalobrama amblycephala and application of the molecular marker. Through clustering separation method, association analysis on the molecular marker and character is realized, two molecular markers obviously related to growth characters are finally screened; a primer of Mam116 is as follows: F: 5'-CTATTTACAGTTTCATGCTTTCCTC-3' and R: 5'-ATCCCGTCCGCCGCTTACT-3'; a primer of Mam166 is as follows: F: 5'-GGTACTGTTTGTGCTGGGC-3' and R: 5'-CTGCTCACTCAACTTATTGTAGGTC-3'. According to the molecular marker, multiple comparisons on different genotype characters are carried out on the two markers, so as to determine inferior and superior alleles, and individuals containing positive genotypes are selected from megalobrama amblycephala character related breeding as breeding parents while individuals containing negative genotypes are avoided, so as to reduce the experimental workload and accelerate the breeding efficiency.

The invention relates to a formula of an anti-stress extruded floating feed for megalobrama amblycephala and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of fish feed and preparation thereof. The anti-stress extruded floating feed for the megalobrama amblycephala, which comprises the following components by weight percent: 10-16% of fish meal, 15-30% of extruded soybean, 10-20% of rapeseed meal, 4-10% of peanut meal, 6-12% of cottonseed meal, 8-12% of corn protein powder, 10-18% of wheat shorts, 1-5% of squid paste, 0.25-0.75% of 50% choline chloride, 0.1-0.5% of acanthopanax root, 0.01-0.1% of pilose Asiabell root, 0.01-0.05% of Chinese magnoliavine fruit, 0.02-0.08% of schefflera arboricola hayata, 0.1-1% of spine date seed, 0.01-0.08% of jatamans valeriana rhizome, 0.5-1.5% of vitamin premix, 0.5-1.5% of mineral premix, 2-5% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2% of fish oil and 0.5-1.5% of lecithin oil. The anti-stress extruded floating feed for the megalobrama amblycephala can improve the immunity and the oxidation resistance of the megalobrama amblycephala, improve the stress and the anti-disease capability, improve the palatability of the feed, promote the growth and improve the survival rate of the megalobrama amblycephala.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ichthyic molecular marker preparation, and particularly relates to megalobrama amblycephala hypoxia character correlation SNP molecular markers and the application thereof. The screened-out megalobrama amblycephala fih-1 gene SNPs molecular markers are located at different positions of the fih-1 gene. The sequence of the SNP molecular markers in a promoter is shown in the SEQ ID NO:1, and an allelic variant exists at the position of 109bp of the sequence. The sequence of the SNP molecular markers in 5'UTR is shown in the SEQ ID NO:2, and an allelic variant exists at the position of 337bp of the sequence. The sequence of the SNP molecular markers in 3'UTR is shown in the SEQ ID NO:3, and an allelic variant exists at the position of 87bp of the sequence. The screened-out megalobrama amblycephala hypoxia tolerance related gene polymorphic SNPs molecular markers can be used for marker assisted selection of megalobrama amblycephala.

The invention relates to a comprehensive technical scheme for regulating submerged plant communities by utilizing herbivorous fish. The comprehensive technical scheme comprises the following steps: (1) selecting pioneer submerged plants and colonized submerged plants, and alternately planting; (2) calculating total biomass of to-be-cleared pioneer plant when the ratio of transparence to water depth is more than or equal to 0.8, stocking a corresponding number of grass carp according to the fact that each kilogram of grass carp is used for clearing away 600g of submerged plants every day; (3) clearing away grass carp when the height of pioneer submerged plants is accordant to that of the colonized submerged plants; (4) calculating the biomass of the to-be-controlled submerged plants when the height of to-be-colonized submerged plants exceeds the requirement, and stocking a corresponding number of megalobrama amblycephala according to the fact that each kilogram of megalobrama amblycephala is used for clearing away 400g of submerged plants every-day; and (5) clearing away megalobrama amblycephala when the height of the colonized submerged plants is controlled to 50-80 percent of the original height. The method is favorable to establishing and managing water-quality improvement and optimized landscape effect-based submerged plants in a small shallow lake, so that the water quality and landscape effect are ensured to keep an excellent state for a long time.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of a gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala, which comprises the following steps of: firstly selecting and breeding a female megalobrama amblycephala and a male erythroculter ilishaeformis bleeker as parent fishes; then carrying out artificial induced spawning to obtain the sperms of the erythroculter ilishaeformis bleeker and the ripe ovums of the megalobrama amblycephala; mixing the erythroculter ilishaeformis bleeker sperms inactivated by ultraviolet rays with the ripe ovums of the megalobrama amblycephala; 3-4 minutes later, placing the ovums activated at 0-4 DEG C for cold shock treatment for 20-30 minutes; and after incubating embryos treated by cold shock at 23-24 DEG C, obtaining diploid gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephalas through a flow type cell DNA content determination method and a chromosome ploidy detection method of peripheral blood cell culturing. The cultivation method of the gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala has the advantages of short cultivation time, fast growth speed, high incubation rate, excellent offspring property, and the like, and has great importance on aspects of fish inheritance breeding and biological evolution researches.

The invention discloses a method for dyeing intermuscular bones of adult megalobrama amblycephala. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, fixing an adult megalobrama amblycephala sample with absolute ethyl alcohol; step 2, rehydrating the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample with the absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water; step 3, immersing the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample with a TBST solution overnight; step 4, immersing the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample with the distilled water and washing to remove the residual TBST solution; step 5, making the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample transparent with a newly-prepared KOH solution; step 6, transferring the sample to the new KOH solution and dropwise adding an alizarin red dyeing solution to dye until the solution becomes deep purple; step 7, transferring the sample into the new KOH solution and washing off the dyeing solution of the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample; and step 8, transferring the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample to glycerin to be dehydrated and preserved. The method is feasible and an operation process is simple; complicated instruments are not needed; the adult megalobrama amblycephala sample with a transparent body and the intermuscular bones which are dyed into the deep purple color, is obtained; and adhering positions and shapes of the intermuscular bones of the adult megalobrama amblycephala can be clearly observed from the sample.

The invention relates to a method for increasing breeding yield and benefit of pond mainly for breeding grass carps. The method includes that the grass carps are bred mainly, silver Prussian carps, megalobrama amblycephala, silver carps and bighead carps and plagiognathops microlepis are bred secondarily, and only the grass carps need to be fed during feeding. Different fishes are complementary in eating habit and low in competitive eating relation and are positioned in different ecological niche spaces, so that water body space is utilized fully. Fingerlings of a same variety and different in specification are bred in a same pond, large-specification fingerlings can be fished out for selling after reaching commercial specifications through feeding for a period of time, and some small-specification fingerlings (summerlings) are supplemented at the same time, so that rotation of fishing and releasing is realized; after a breeding period is finished, the fingerlings supplemented in the middle of breeding can serve as fingerlings of commercial fishes of the next year, so that relay-type breeding is formed. Vaccines are injected to the grass carps to prevent diseases, so that survival rate is up to higher than 95%, consumption of fishery medicine is reduced, and safety is guaranteed. By feeding green grass, feed cost is lowered greatly, and feed cost is saved by 30-40%; fish meat quality is better.

The invention relates to a special compound feed capable of promoting the growth and resisting the high-temperature stress of megalobrama amblycephala and a preparation method of the special compound feed, and belongs to the technical field of compound feeds for aquatic products. The preparation method comprises the following steps of firstly crushing fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseeds, cottonseed meal, DDGS, wheat, rice bran and bran for the first time through a crushing machine, and mixing the crushed fish meal, the crushed soybean meal, the crushed rapeseeds, the crushed cottonseed meal, the crushed DDGS, the crushed wheat, the crushed rice bran and the crushed bran so as to obtain a mixture A; then uniformly mixing the mixture A, soybean oil, flaxseed oil, fish oil, phosphatide oil, a conventional aquatic product compound premix, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C, vitamin E, chromium picolinate and choline chloride so as to obtain a mixture B, and crushing the mixture B for the second time; and granulating the crushed mixture B so as to obtain granules, cooling the granules, and packaging the cooled granules. The feed prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention can promote the growth of the megalobrama amblycephala and can improve the capacity of the megalobrama amblycephala for resisting the high-temperature stress, the megalobrama amblycephala breeding benefits are increased, and assistance is provided for the healthy and sustainable development of the megalobrama amblycephala feed and the breeding industry.

The invention discloses a megalobrama amblycephala compound Chinese medicinal herb anti-stress preparation which comprises the following components based on parts by weight: 22-28 parts of gallnut, 15-19 parts of acanthopanax, 5-20 parts of golden cypress, 12-19 parts of dandelion, 10-16 parts of the root of Chinese pulsatilla and 10-15 parts of liquorice. A preparation method of the preparation comprises the following steps of: respectively weighing each component according to the formula, respectively drying and smashing, and evenly mixing to obtain the preparation. The addition amount of the compound Chinese medicinal herb anti-stress preparation in fish feed is 1.0%-5.0%. According to the compound Chinese medicinal herb anti-stress preparation disclosed by the invention, the free radicals in organisms can be directly eliminated, the negative effects of the free radicals to the normal functions of the tissues and organs of the organisms can be eliminated, a broken immune system can be accelerated to be recovered, the response of the organisms to the stress conditions can be retarded, the immunity capability, the oxidation resistance, the high-density resistance and the lyophilic aeromonas infection resistance of the megalobrama amblycephala can be improved, the palatability of feed can be improved, and the growth of the megalobrama amblycephala can be promoted.

The invention discloses an establishment method and a fry culture method of a heterologous hybrid culter strain. The establishment method comprises the steps that erythroculter ilishaeformis in the Changjiang river system serves as a female parent, 'Pujiang No.1' megalobrama amblycephala serves as a male parent, artificial induced spawning, fertilization, hatching, fry culture and screening are carried out, and hermaphroditic fertile diploid hybrid culter F1 is obtained; the hybrid culter F1 and the male parent erythroculter ilishaeformis in the Changjiang river system are subjected to backcross, hatching and breeding are carried out, diploid hybrid culter F2 is obtained, and establishment of the heterologous hybrid culter strain is completed; the diploid hybrid culter F2 is subjected to self-cross, screening is carried out, hybrid culter F3 is obtained, hybrid culter F4 and hybrid culter F5 are obtained in the same way, and the stable heterologous hybrid culter strain is obtained. Compared with the prior art, by means of the establishment method of the heterologous hybrid culter strain, the novel hybrid fish, namely heterologous hybrid culter, which has the hybrid advantages of a high growing speed, tightly-closed scales, stable hypoxia resistance inheritance, hermaphroditic fertility and the like can be cultured, and great significance is achieved on the aspects of fish genetic breeding and biological evolution.