The invention discloses an anonymous and untraceable online health information acquisition method. According to the method, system parameters are generated by a trusted center; the doctor registers identity information iddl, and the trusted center sends the first public key and the first private key to the doctor through a secure channel; the patient registers identity information idPTi, the trusted center selects non-linkable pseudo-random identity information pidj for the patient, and a corresponding second public key set and a second private key set are obtained; the patient selects effective pseudo identity information and a corresponding second private key, calculates a session key, generates a first ciphertext C1 and a signature sigma PTi by using the session key, and sends {TPTi-new, sigma PTi, C1, pidj, iddl} to the trusted center; the trusted center carries out effective verification on the received information, and then sends {TPTi-new, sigma PTi, C1, pidj, iddl} to a corresponding doctor; the doctor performs analysis and diagnosis after decryption; the doctor feeds back the authentication information and the second ciphertext C2 to the patient; and after the patient verifies the information, decrypting to obtain a health result. The beneficial effect of the invention is that confidentiality, anonymity and untrackability of health information are provided for patients.