38results about How to "Convenient Nursing Operation" patented technology

The invention discloses a multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device. The multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device includes a fixing plate, a soft pad, an inflation balloon, a first flexible pipe, a three-way adjustment valve, an exhaust pipe, a filtering tank, a first filter element, an air inlet pipe, a first connection pipe, a first one-way valve, a fixing air cylinder, a micro motor, a rotation shaft, a cam, a piston, a spring, a filtering screen, a second connection pipe, a second one-way valve, a second flexible pipe, an air cushion ring, a fixing seat, an observation plate, a circulation chamber, air leakage holes, a discharging pipe, a filtering bag, and a second filter element. The multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device is skillful in structure, is powerful in function, can effectively protect a local wound of limbs of a patient from infection, can enhance local air circulation of a body of the patient through a simple operation according to the demands, can satisfy the nursing demands of different patients, can greatly facilitates the nursing operations of medical workers for the patients, and facilitates clinical promotion and application.

An embodiment of the invention provides a cerebrospinal fluid drainage system and an adjusting device in the same. The device comprises an upper cover, a base, a flow limiting seat, an anti-siphon ball, a supporting piece and a spring plate. The upper cover and the base are combined to form a hollow structure, the flow limiting seat is fixed in the hollow structure, and a sealing cavity is formed in the flow limiting seat; the anti-siphon ball is positioned in the sealing cavity, is placed in a ball mounting hole, and is used for blocking the ball mounting hole; the supporting piece is positioned in the sealing cavity and is mounted in a supporting piece mounting hole; a supporting table is arranged at the top end of the supporting piece; the spring plate is positioned in the sealing cavity; a first end of the spring plate is in lap joint to the anti-siphon ball; a second end of the spring plate is in lap joint to the supporting table; a mounting part is arranged in the middle of the spring plate; and a spring plate support limits the spring plate through the mounting part. By the scheme, the problems of control and regulation on pressure and drainage speed in a cerebrospinal fluid drainage process, counterflow and excessive drainage due to rapid change of intracranial pressure are solved, and meanwhile, nursing operation in a drainage process is facilitated.

The invention discloses a phototherapy device for the newborn. The device comprises a light source box, a light guide assembly and a fiber blanket. The fiber blanket is formed by coupling of a plurality of fibers. The light guide assembly is connected with the light source box and the fiber blanket. The light source box includes a box body assembly and an internal assembly installed inside the box body assembly. The internal assembly includes a light source module group including a light source panel and a jack panel; a plurality of LED light sources with peak bands of 440 to 460 nm are installed on the light source panel. According to the invention, on the basis of the fiber conduction and macrobend loss characteristics, treatment light in the light source box is transmitted to the surface of the fiber blanket, thereby realizing light emitting of the blanket surface and thus realizing treatment on the newborn with jaundice. The LED light source emits blue light and a few of ultraviolet and infrared rays are outputted, thereby preventing side effects on patients by phototherapy. On the basis of the fiber blanket surface design, zero-distance contact with the newborn by the light source is realized, so that energy attenuation is avoided; the blanket surface is soft; and the irradiation area increases. Therefore, the newborn with jaundice can be treated well and recover quickly.

The invention discloses a blood drawing nursing device for pediatrics department, and relates to the technical field of blood drawing nursing for pediatrics department. The blood drawing nursing device for pediatrics department comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, wherein a blood drawing auxiliary mechanism is arranged on the left side of the upper part of the bottom plate; a blood drawing nursing mechanism is arranged on the right side of the upper part of the bottom plate; the blood drawing auxiliary mechanism comprises a vascular imaging instrument, a group of radar inspection modulesand devices to be inspected; projecting equipment is mounted in the middle part of the rear side of the lower end of a sliding block; each device to be inspected comprises an inserting and connectingplate; each radar inspection module can monitor the corresponding module to be inspected; a hand fixing device comprises a wrist fixing clamp and a finger pressing plate; a finger exposing hole is formed in the finger pressing plate; the blood drawing nursing mechanism comprises an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp at the right part of the lower end of the top plate; and a disposable pressing column isconnected to the lower part of a cannula in an inserting manner. The blood drawing nursing device for pediatrics department disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the blood drawing auxiliary mechanism can accurately display blood vessels and blood drawing syringe needles, so that the blood drawing auxiliary mechanism can better assist medical personnel to perform intravenous blood drawing, and besides, after blood drawing, nursing is more convenient.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating bedsores. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from, by weight, 8-12 parts of Yunnan Baiyao, 15-25 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 8-12 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 8-12 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 3-8 parts of golden cypress, 3-8 parts of radix sanguisorbae and 15-25 parts of calcined gypsum. According to the traditional Chinese medicine composition, Yunnan Baiyao, astragalus membranaceus, ligusticum wallichii, pseudo-ginseng, golden cypress, radix sanguisorbae and calcined gypsum are compatible and work together to achieve the effect of treating the bedsores, obvious synergism is achieved, the compatibility relationships of mutual promotion and mutual enhancement are given full play, and the bedsores can be effectively treated. After the traditional Chinese medicine composition is applied, pus seepage is decreased, the wound surface is kept dry, incrustation is formed quickly, time for wound surface healing is shortened, expense is saved, nursing operation is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, a patient has no adverse reaction, clinical care working load is alleviated, and the application scope is wide.

The invention discloses a limb support frame for a burn patient. The limb support frame for the burn patient comprises a bottom plate, a fixing base, a stepping motor, a rotary shaft, a gear, a slidegroove, a rack plate, a first travel switch, a second travel switch, an avoidance hole, a connection base, an electric push rod, a slide track, a third travel switch, a fourth travel switch, a slide base, a guide rod, a slide sleeve, a fixing plate, a clamp sleeve and elastic cloth; firstly, through the effect of a lifting mechanism, placing heights of a limb of the patient are adjusted well according to the requirement of the patient, and comfort and safety of different patients are ensured; secondly, burn wounds of the injured limb can be effectively avoided, and secondary injury of the wound parts is avoided; finally, medicine liquid or blood can be prevented from dropping onto the ground through the effect of a pollution collection device, and therefore the surrounding environment is protected. In this way, not only is nursing operation convenience of medical personnel improved, but also the rehabilitation effect of the burn patient after an operation is ensured, and clinical application and popularization are facilitated.

The present invention relates to the technical field of storage carts, in particular to a portable bedside medical nursing treatment cart with a seat, which includes a storage box, and inside the storage box is provided a rectangular slot whose front end communicates with the outside world. A rectangular block arranged along the depth direction of the rectangular groove is arranged on the left side of the groove wall; a storage device is arranged in the rectangular groove, and the storage device includes a built-in plate arranged in the rectangular groove; the side of the storage box is also integrally formed with A side locker with a storage compartment inside the side locker and a bench in the storage compartment. The invention is convenient to use, and at the same time prevents the medical staff from bending over for a long time to operate, thus bringing convenience to the medical staff.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical apparatus, and discloses a folding and contracting type nursing device for pediatric neurology. The folding and contracting type nursing devicefor pediatric neurology comprises a housing, wherein a cover plate is movably connected to the outer side of the housing. According to the folding and contracting type nursing device disclosed by theinvention, a pull rod moves up and down to enable the cover plate to be placed at the top of a case or horizontally placed on the right side of the case, and protective equipment is sheltered, so thatthe situation that dust pollutes the surface of the protective equipment is avoided, and placing space is provided for the protective equipment; gears rotate, so that the distance between every two placing boxes in the placing box group is enlarged or reduced, the distance between the protective equipment in different placing layers is enlarged, and taking of the protective equipment is convenient; under the situation that the folding and contracting type nursing device for pediatric neurology is not used, the placing layers are folded, contracted for placing, and the placing space of the protective equipment is reduced; and when the distance between every two placing boxes in the placing box group is enlarged or reduced, a moving plate can move from a position where a recess of the caseis clamped and a position where the moving plate is horizontally placed on the outer side of the case, so that the protective equipment in a hidden part can be taken from the side surface, and the convenience of taking the protective equipment is improved.

The invention discloses a portable nursing box allowing oral cavity nursing apparatus to accommodate. The portable nursing box comprises a box body, a clamping device and braces, wherein accommodatingcavities are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body; one end of each accommodating cavity penetrates through the rear surface of the box body; a box cover for covering the box body is connected to the rear side of the box body; the clamping device comprises two clamping structural members for fixing the box body to a desk edge or a bed edge; the two clamping structural members are respectively arranged in the accommodating cavities in a sliding manner; a containing device for containing the braces is arranged on one side of the box body; one ends of the braces are fixedly arranged in the containing device, and hooks are respectively connected to the other ends of the braces; and hanging rings for connecting the hooks are arranged on the other side of the box body. According to the portable nursing box disclosed by the invention, the clamping device is arranged, and the portable nursing box can be clamped to the bed edge or the desk edge, so that thefixing is convenient, and the placing space is saved; and when the portable nursing box is not used, the braces can be contained, so that redundant space is not occupied, and use of an operator is also not influenced.

The invention relates to a medical sickbed rainproof sunshade for examination attending. The medical sickbed rainproof sunshade comprises a head shield and a body cover; the head shield comprises a fixed frame, a moving frame and rainproof cloth, the moving frame is movably connected with the fixed frame and capable of rotating, the rainproof cloth sleeves the moving frame, the fixed frame comprises a cross shaft and longitudinal shafts, a fixing rotary shaft behind the cross shaft is welded onto the cross shaft, and the moving frame sleeves the fixing rotary shaft through a moving bushing and is lapped on the cross shaft of the fixing frame; the body cover comprises a cover face and a bed apron, the cover face is provided with an opening enabling the head of a patient to be exposed, one end, close to a bedside, of each of two lateral sides of the bed apron is provided with a hole, the center of the bed apron at the position of the bedside is provided with a storage bag, and a wind shield connected with the head shield through snap buttons is arranged above the storage bag; the two lateral sides of the bed apron and the bed apron at the position of the bed tail are provided with slits for opening and closing. The medical sickbed rainproof sunshade for examination attending can be used for all levels of small and medium hospitals without examination attending corridors, waste of nursing resources is avoided, and labor intensity is relieved for nurses.

The invention provides a medical infant care table and a using method thereof, which belong to the field of medical equipment. The utility model solves the problem of inconvenient use of the existing nursing tables for infants and young children. The medical infant care table includes a table board and table legs, and also includes a storage board, the storage board is located above the table board, and two rod seats are fixed on the bottom surface of the table board, and rod holes are provided on the two rod holders, and two The movable rod is pierced on the rod hole, the rear end of the movable rod is bent upwards and fixed on the bottom surface of the storage board, the front stopper and the rear stopper are fixed on the movable rod wall, and the two ends and the rear stopper are sleeved on the movable rod The compression spring that is offset against the rear end of the rod seat is connected with a pull rod at the front end of the movable rod, and the pull rod can be pulled to drive the storage board to move toward the front side of the table through the movable rod, and gradually increase the projected area of ​​the storage board on the table. The nursing table not only increases the lying area of ​​the table board for infants and young children, but also does not affect the placement of nursing utensils, and is convenient for nurses to perform nursing operations on infants.

The limb lifting and turning-over device for brain surgery nursing comprises a bed board, supporting legs are arranged at the corners of the bottom of the bed board, a turning-over groove is formed in the upper surface of the bed board, the inner wall of the turning-over groove is rotationally connected with a turning-over plate through a pin shaft, a hanging plate is arranged on the lower surface of the bed board, and a turning-over assembly is arranged on the hanging plate; the turnover assembly drives the turnover plate to rotate with the pin shaft as a base point, and the bed plate is provided with an abutting assembly in the length direction of the bed plate. According to the turning-over device, the turning-over assembly and the abutting assembly of an independent structure are adopted, flexible turning-over operation can be conducted on the left side and the right side of the limb trunk of a patient on the bed board, meanwhile, abutting supporting can be conducted on the turned-over limb trunk of the patient, and the phenomenon that the patient overturns is avoided; it is ensured that the patient can turn over to a proper amplitude state and keep stable, then follow-up nursing operation on the patient is facilitated, and the using effect of the turning-over device is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a supporting frame, in particular to a limb supporting frame for medical care. The limb supporting frame for medical care is high in safety coefficient, good in fixing effect, capable of lifting two legs at the same time and wide in applicability. The limb bearing frame for medical care comprises a base, rolling wheels, a supporting column, a first connecting frame, a sliding block, a first connecting rod, a supporting plate, a first spring, a clamping plate, a second spring and the like. Rollers are rotatably connected to four corners of the bottom of the base, a supporting column is connected to the middle of the top of the base, and a first connecting frame is slidably connected to the lower portion of the outer wall of the supporting column. The device has the beneficial effects that a medical worker places an affected limb on the supporting plate on the right side, the air cylinder is started, the supporting plate moves upwards along with the affected limb, the supporting plate drives the affected limb to move upwards, in this way, the medical worker does not need to manually lift the affected limb of a patient to conduct nursing operation such as dressing change or wound cleaning, and more convenience is achieved.

A fixing device on a bed for blood purification tubes, which effectively solves the problems of inconvenient placement of blood tubes during blood purification for patients and the impact of arm shaking on treatment. Rotating block, the right side of the rotating block is provided with a placement slot, and the rotating block is connected with two opposite and V-shaped transmission gears. Slidingly connected with a sliding rod, the two sliding rods are respectively provided with an inverted T-shaped plate, and the opposite sides of the sliding rod are slidably connected with a fixed plate through a push block, and the rotating block is provided with two U-shaped grooves facing left and right with openings facing upwards , the upper end of the transmission belt runs through the rotating block and is provided with a concave elastic pressure plate, the notch of the elastic pressure plate faces downward and can block the U-shaped groove; this structure is simple, easy to operate, novel in concept and strong in usability.

The invention discloses a support device for urology nursing with the function of positioning and moving, and specifically relates to the technical field of urology nursing. , a bearing plate is fixed on the top of the moving assembly, and a support assembly is installed on the upper surface of the bearing plate. The present invention can drive the bearing plate to move left and right through the setting of the moving component, so that the supporting component can move left and right. When not in use, the supporting component can be removed by holding the cover plate to separate the upper sliding cylinder from the supporting plate, which is convenient for different The different affected parts of the patient are supported, with strong applicability, easy disassembly, strong space utilization, and high practicability. Through the setting of the supporting components, it can support and fix the affected parts of patients of different sizes or the pelvis of patients, which is convenient for exposing the affected parts of patients. Supporting and positioning different affected parts of different patients facilitates the doctor's nursing operation, reduces the difficulty of operation and nursing time, and increases the comfort of the patient.

The invention discloses a ward monitoring and management device for clinical nursing, which comprises a base, a waste receiving bucket and an adjustable support structure are installed on the upper end of the base, a storage box is connected to the upper end of the adjustable support structure, and an installation platform is fixed on the upper end of the storage box , a foldable operation panel is connected to the front side of the installation platform, and a monitor is installed on the upper end of the installation platform through a fixed structure. In the present invention, the fixed structure can effectively fix the monitor, and the monitor is fixed and easy to disassemble. The height of the foldable operation panel can be adjusted to facilitate medical staff to perform nursing operations. At the same time, the foldable operation panel is easy to fold and can reduce the floor space when not in use. The waste receiving bucket is placed under the storage box to save the extra space. Make effective use of it.

The invention relates to a multifunctional automatic disinfection mobile nursing treatment vehicle which comprises a treatment vehicle body, the interior of the treatment vehicle body is divided into a left compartment and a right compartment, the left compartment is a garbage storage disinfection compartment, and the right compartment is a clean storage compartment; a plurality of drawers are arranged in front of the treatment vehicle body; a disinfection device is further fixedly arranged on the rear side of the treatment vehicle body, and two foldable storage boxes are further arranged on the right side face of the treatment vehicle body; shock-proof universal wheels are further arranged below the bottom face of the treatment vehicle body. The medical waste storage box has the advantages that environmental pollution and cross infection in the temporary storage, transportation and disposal process of medical waste can be better prevented, the risk that workers making contact with the medical waste subsequently are infected is reduced, and the safety of the environment and the safety of the workers are protected.

The invention relates to a portable door-to-door service nursing box. The portable door-to-door service nursing box comprises a box body, wherein a folding type supporting and walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the box body; a left side plate, a right side plate and a rear side plate of the box body are fixedly connected to the left side edge, the right side edge and the rear side edge of a bottom plate respectively; the lower side edge of a front side plate is hinged to the front side edge of the bottom plate; the rear side edge of a top plate is hinged to the upper side edge of the rear side plate; the left side of the top plate and the left side plate, and the right side of the top plate and the right side plate are connected through folding supporting rod assemblies respectively; a sterile operation platform is arranged at the left half part in the box body; the right half part in the box body is a cleaning region; the cleaning region is provided with a lower-layer cleaning object placement drawer, an upper-layer cleaning object placement drawer and a cleaning paper roll placement cavity; a paper roll pulling-out notch is formed in the side edge of the cleaning paper roll placement cavity; and a plurality of tool placement frames, a tubular object inserting bag and an infected object collection basket hanging frame are mounted on the inner side face of the top plate. The portable door-to-door service nursing box is convenient to carry, simple to assemble and convenient to operate.

The invention relates to the field of modern electronic technology, in particular to an intelligent monitoring system for a home nursing bed. An intelligent monitoring system, comprising a PC remote monitoring client, a mobile phone remote monitoring client, a wireless router, a nursing bed monitoring center module, an acquisition module, and a nursing bed attitude detection and control module, the wireless router, the nursing bed monitoring center The modules and the nursing bed posture detection and control module are connected in turn, the nursing bed posture detection and control module and the acquisition module, the PC remote monitoring client and the mobile phone remote monitoring client are respectively connected to the wireless router. The invention enriches the functions of the nursing bed and facilitates the nursing operation of the nursing receiver.

The invention discloses a pediatric blood drawing nursing device, which relates to the technical field of pediatric blood drawing nursing. It includes a bottom plate and a top plate; a blood drawing auxiliary mechanism is arranged on the left side above the bottom plate; a blood drawing nursing institution is arranged on the right side above the bottom plate; device; a projection device is installed in the middle of the rear side of the lower end of the slider; the device to be inspected includes a plug board; the radar detection module can monitor the module to be inspected; the hand fixing device includes a wrist clamp and a fingerboard ; The blood drawing care mechanism includes an ultraviolet germicidal lamp installed on the right part of the lower end of the top plate; the lower part of the casing is plugged and connected with a disposable pressing column. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the blood drawing auxiliary mechanism can accurately display blood vessels and blood drawing needles, better assist medical staff in venous blood drawing, and at the same time, the nursing after blood drawing is more convenient.

The invention discloses a wound protection device for hemodialysis nursing with a wire arrangement function. The wound protection device comprises a protection airbag ring, a second guide rail and a nursing pad, wherein the left and right sides of the protection airbag ring are connected with a connecting belt; a first sliding block is arranged at the end, away from the protection airbag ring, of the connecting belt; a first guide rail is connected to the lower portion of a first sliding block; the second guide rail is arranged outside the first guide rail, a second sliding block is connected to the upper portion of the second guide rail in a sliding mode, an angle fixing device is arranged on the upper portion of the second sliding block, and a bunching clamping sleeve is arranged on the upper portion of the angle fixing device; and the nursing pad is arranged below a hook-and-loop fastener bandage, a bracket is arranged below the nursing pad, and lifting air cylinders are arranged below the front end and the rear end of the bracket. According to the wound protection device, a plurality of movable wire bunching clamping sleeves are used for arranging pipelines and wires in the hemodialysis process, complex staggering between the pipelines and the wires is avoided, and convenience is brought to daily management of medical staff.

The invention discloses a multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device. The multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device includes a fixing plate, a soft pad, an inflation balloon, a first flexible pipe, a three-way adjustment valve, an exhaust pipe, a filtering tank, a first filter element, an air inlet pipe, a first connection pipe, a first one-way valve, a fixing air cylinder, a micro motor, a rotation shaft, a cam, a piston, a spring, a filtering screen, a second connection pipe, a second one-way valve, a second flexible pipe, an air cushion ring, a fixing seat, an observation plate, a circulation chamber, air leakage holes, a discharging pipe, a filtering bag, and a second filter element. The multifunctional local nursing anti-infection device is skillful in structure, is powerful in function, can effectively protect a local wound of limbs of a patient from infection, can enhance local air circulation of a body of the patient through a simple operation according to the demands, can satisfy the nursing demands of different patients, can greatly facilitates the nursing operations of medical workers for the patients, and facilitates clinical promotion and application.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a movable support for nursing in the medical neurology department. The movable support comprises a base, a first electric push rod, a second electric push rod and a servo motor, wherein a supporting seat is arranged on the base, a mounting frame is fixed on the supporting seat, and the first electric push rod is fixed on the mounting frame; a supporting table is fixed to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod, and a rotating plate is arranged on the supporting table in a rotating mode; the rotating plate is round, and an open groove is formed in the rotating plate along the diameter direction of the rotating plate; one end of the open groove penetrates through the rotating plate; a lead screw is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the open groove in a rotating manner and is driven by a servo motor; the servo motor is arranged on the outer side of the rotating plate; the output shaft of the servo motor and the lead screw are coaxially fixed; and the screw rod is in threaded connection with the supporting plate. According to the device, the angles of a bearing plate in different directions can be adjusted, so that nursing operation of medical staff is facilitated, and the labor intensity of the medical staff is relieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of inflatable sponge air cushions, and discloses an inflatable sponge baby air cushion which comprises a sponge cushion, a double-layer air cushion and an outer cover, the sponge cushion is of an oval structure with the middle flattened and the two ends protruding, and the pressure can be adjusted according to the weight of a baby. According to the inflatable sponge baby air cushion, the double-layer air cushion and sponge combined type special mattress used in the infant incubator is provided for an infant patient by utilizing the double-layer air cushion and the sponge cushion, so that the functional limitation caused by the inherent characteristics of materials of a sponge mattress and an inflatable mattress is overcome, the contact area between the combined mattress and an infant is increased, the inclusiveness is better, and ultra-low, dispersed pressure for babies can be obtained and it is beneficial for infant patients to reduce pressure sores. The body position cushion can be placed between the upper layer of air cushion and the lower layer of air cushion, and the body position of the baby can be adjusted. According to the mattress adopting the integral passive design, a safer, softer and silent lying environment is provided for a baby, and nursing operation of medical staff is facilitated.

The invention relates to a nursing bed facility with the function of assisting turning over. It includes a bed frame supported by folding bed leg components, and a turning device is installed in the middle and front of the bed frame; the turning device includes a box, and turning components are installed at the front and rear of the box; There are two left and right inner pulleys at the position of the body port, a middle conveyor belt is arranged between the two inner pulleys, and a first driving mechanism is also included; the rotating shafts of the two inner pulleys are hollow rotating shafts and a pendulum is inserted in the hollow rotating shaft The angular shaft is equipped with a hub motor at the outer end of the swing angle shaft, and also includes two second drive mechanisms; a cover plate extending outward is installed on the casing of the hub motor, and an outer pulley is installed at the outer end of the cover plate , the left conveyor belt is arranged between the hub motor on the left side and its outer pulley, and the right conveyor belt is arranged between the hub motor on the right side and its outer pulley. The invention has reasonable structural design and reduces the burden of nursing staff.

The invention discloses a vibrissa cleaning trimmer which comprises a shell, a trimming assembly and a flushing assembly, and is characterized in that the trimming assembly comprises a trimming head and an operating unit, the trimming head is arranged at the upper end of the operating unit, and the operating unit controls the trimming head to trim vibrissa; the flushing assembly comprises a waterstorage bag and a flushing pipeline, the flushing pipeline is communicated with the interior of the water storage bag, an opening of the flushing pipeline is not higher than the trimming head, and thewater storage bag is detachably connected with the trimming assembly; and the periphery of the trimming head comprises a lighting structure used for lighting the interior of a nasal cavity. When thevibrissa cleaning trimmer is used, the trimming head is controlled by the operating unit to trim the vibrissa, after trimming is completed, the water storage bag is squeezed forcibly to enable liquidto enter the flushing pipeline to flush the nasal cavity, and the opening of the flushing pipeline is not higher than the trimming head, so that the condition that the liquid remains on the lighting structure to affect the visual field is avoided.