The application provides a
quantum encryption method and a
quantum decryption method and device, and relates to the technical field of
information security. The method comprises the following steps: generating a public matrix through interaction between a
client and a
server, and respectively generating private key fragments and public key components by the two parties, and finally synthesizing a complete public key to realize the
dispersed storage of the private key. On this basis, the
client encrypts the
plaintext by using the synthesized public key, ensuring the security of the
encryption process. The scheme does not need to rely on additional hardware security devices, and only through
software cooperation can the private key be dispersedly stored in the two ends, effectively avoiding the risk that the private key is easily stolen when stored in the single terminal memory. Even if the
client device is lost or the
server is attacked, the attacker cannot obtain the complete private key, which improves the security of the private
key storage, and at the same time, the convenience of user use is taken into account. At the same time, the decryption operation is completed by the client and the
server, effectively preventing the
data security risk caused by the single-point leakage of the private key.