Gas generating agent composition, preparation method, application and gas generator for reducing combustion temperature and maintaining morphology

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas generating agent composition for reducing combustion temperature and maintaining morphology, a preparation method therefor, an application thereof and a gas generator, the gas generating agent composition comprising the following components in mass percentage: guanidine nitrate 10%-40%; basic copper nitrate 30%-50%; amidinoureacopper nitrate 10%-50%; ammonium perchlorate 1%-10%; aluminum hydroxide 1%-10%; and talc powder 0.1%-10%; the gas generating agent composition uses the amidinoureacopper nitrate as a cooling agent and auxiliary fuel of a formulation to reduce the combustion temperature of the formulation without lowering the combustion rate of the formulation, and provides a sufficient oxygen source for the formulation; in addition, the agent improves the slagging capabilities of the gas generating agent after combustion by means of using large particles of aluminum hydroxide as a slag forming agent; in addition, by means of using ammonium perchlorate as an ignition performance modifier, the low-temperature ignition performance of the composition is significantly improved while the combustion rate is increased. The gas generating agent composition is mainly used in a gas generator of a car airbag.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a gas generant composition, a preparation method, an application and a gas generator containing the composition, in particular to a gas generant composition which reduces the combustion temperature and maintains the shape, a preparation method, an application and a gas generant containing the composition. A composite gas generator belongs to the technical field of automobile safety airbag gas generators. Background technique [0002] Automobile airbag gas generating agent is loaded into the gas generator as a gas generating agent, and is triggered when needed to generate a large amount of gas. The airbag consists of a gas generator and an airbag. Generally, when the collision exceeds the preset intensity, the gas generator is activated and triggered, and starts to burn the gas generating agent inside to generate gas, inflate the air bag, and form a cushion air cushion between the interior and the human body to protect ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It has also been used in the field of airbag gas generating agents before. For example, the US patent US2014 / 0261927, that is, the Chinese patent number CN105008310, publicly stated a heat-absorbing slagging component, that is, large particles of aluminum hydroxide, and the addition amount is greater than or equal to the gas generating agent 5% to 20% of the composition, although the gas generating agent maintains a good shape after combustion, but due to the excessive addition, the burning rate of the gas generating agent combination slows down, and the formulation is difficult. Among rocket propellants, aluminum hydroxide is currently the most widely used inorganic flame retardant additive. As a flame retardant, it can not only flame retardant, but also prevent smoke, dripping, and toxic gases. Therefore, it is wider application

In addition, the heat absorption and cooling effect of aluminum hydroxide is not obvious

[0008] For example, patent CN100376515C discloses a gas-generating composition, including guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, auxiliary oxidant sodium nitrate, copper oxide and iron oxide, and ignition improver (aluminum sesquioxide, copper chloride, copper chromate, Potassium chromate), the gas-generating composition that adopts ignition modifier to make it easier to ignite, and the ignition delay period is short, but aluminum oxide is generally used for residue agglomeration, and has little effect on ignition improvement; copper chloride is a weak oxidant for ignition The improvement effect is not great; copper chromate and potassium chromate are strong oxidants containing copper, which can improve ignition to a certain extent, but both will increase the residue content. Copper chromate increases the insoluble residue content, and potassium chromate increases The content of dissolved residues, and the substances containing alkali metal potassium will form soluble aerosol particles after burning, which is not conducive to the agglomeration of residues

[0009] Another example is that the patent US5827996A discloses a gas generating agent for an airbag, including fuels using azoles or metal salts thereof, oxidizers, combustion catalysts, combustion control agents and slagging agents, fuels using azoles and metal salts, and slagging agents are solidified Additives for the combustion residues of gas generants, thereby facilitating the removal of residues by the filter in the airbag, but this patent is applicable to the formulation of azoles as fuel, which has a higher combustion temperature than the guanidine nitrate basic copper nitrate type formulation Too much, the shape of the tablet cannot be well maintained even if the slag forming agent is added

[0010] In addition, patent CN101952227B discloses a method for preparing a gas generating agent, adding guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, auxiliary oxidants (such as potassium nitrate, strontium nitrate and sodium nitrate), burning rate regulator (potassium perchlorate), slag promoter agent (silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, ammonium oxide, aluminum oxide), tablet release aid and form retention synergistic aid B (graphite, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride), the granulation used in this patent The method is spray granulation, which consumes more energy than wet granulation; in addition, the slag accelerator used in this patent mainly comes from metal oxides, such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide , metal oxides as slag accelerators can play a certain role in promoting slag agglomeration, but the effect on tablet shape maintenance is not obvious; at the same time, the patent uses tablet release aids such as: graphite, molybdenum disulfide, Tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, these additives only play the role of tableting aids, and cannot cooperate with metal oxides to promote slag agglomeration

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