The invention discloses a luminance real-time adjustment display screen system, comprising a display screen, a single-chip microcomputer module, a human body sensing module, a brightness acquisition module, a brightness adjustment module, a button module, an indicator lamp and a Bluetooth module. The single-chip microcomputer module also includes a processor module, a storage module and a timing module. The storage module is used to store the brightness control curve, the human body sensing module is used to detect whether the user is located in the display area of the display screen, the timing module is used to obtain the actual duration of the user's use of the display screen, the brightness acquisition module collects the brightness value of the external environment, the brightness adjustment module adjusts the output brightness of the display screen, the button module and the indicator lamp are used to select the desired brightness control curve gear, and the Bluetooth module is used to implement human-computer interaction. The invention also discloses a brightness real-time adjustment method, which adjusts the brightness value output by the display screen in real time, so that the user's visual fatigue degree remains the lowest state during long-term use.