The invention relates to a logistics distribution route planning method with a time window based on a cuckoo algorithm, which comprises the following steps: firstly, according to a logistics distribution vehicle route planning problem with a time window to be solved, a customer data model is established, demand point data is set and a straight line distance between demand points is calculated; according to the actual demand of logistics distribution, a VRPTW model is established, which increases the penalty of time cost if it arrives earlier than the time window, and dispatches other vehicleslater than the time window to improve the quality of service. The cuckoo algorithm is used to find the optimal distribution order iteratively; finally, the number of vehicles needed, the distributionroute of each vehicle, the value of the objective function and other results are output to complete the route planning. The invention adopts the cuckoo algorithm with strong global searching ability,good robustness and few parameters to select the optimal distribution path, which is more reasonable than the traditional distribution path planning method, and is favorable for the logistics enterprise to reduce the transportation cost and improve the service quality and efficiency.