The invention discloses a method for grouping space metadata based on cluster storage, which includes: S1, obtaining metadata records with property items to be divided from metadata tables of geographic data files; S2, dividing the selected metadata records into different data sets according to the property items to be divided, and distributing the data sets on metadata server cluster nodes, wherein the property items to be divided of the metadata records on the same server cluster node are the same in value; S3, clustering the metadata records on each server cluster node step by step to obtain a plurality of metadata record groups; S4, classifying the metadata records of the geographic data file on each server cluster node, separating the metadata records into different metadata record groups and establishing a metadata directory tree of each node; and S5, sequencing the grouped data files and storing the sequenced indexed files on the corresponding nodes. The method is used for grouping space metadata based on cluster storage, so that retrieval efficiency is improved.