76 results about "Windshield washer fluid" patented technology

The utility model provides a photovoltaic glass appearance defect detection workbench, and belongs to the technical field of glass appearance detection. The photovoltaic glass appearance defect detection workbench comprises a clamping assembly and a light supplementing assembly, the clamping assembly comprises a supporting plate, a supporting frame, an electric push rod, a first motor, an adjusting part and a clamp, the light supplementing assembly comprises a driving part, a mounting plate, a detection light source and a blower, the driving part is arranged on one side of the supporting frame, and the mounting plate is arranged on the other side of the supporting frame. By arranging the supporting plate, the supporting frame, the electric push rod, the first motor, the adjusting pieces, the clamps, the two adjusting pieces capable of adjusting the distance and the two clamps capable of adjusting the distance, photovoltaic glass of various sizes can be clamped and fixed, by arranging the driving piece, the mounting plate, the detection light source and the air blower, the movable detection light source can conduct light supplementing detection on the photovoltaic glass at all positions, and the detection accuracy is improved. And the synchronously moving blower can blow away dust of the windshield washer fluid, so that the dust is prevented from influencing detection judgment.

The utility model discloses a watering can and a windshield cleaning system, relates to the technical field of accessories for vehicles, and aims to solve the technical problems that water spraying motors of different vehicle types are poor in adaptability, and nozzles are easy to block. The lower cup body 202 is of a cavity structure and is detachably connected with the upper end cover 201 through a connecting part 204, and a third connector M3 is formed in the side face of the lower cup body 202; and the fixing rib 203 is arranged on the side surface of the lower cup body 202. The water spraying pot (namely the second water spraying pot) can adapt to various vehicle types, and the second water spraying pot serves as transition, so that the adaptive installation problem of all different vehicle types is solved. In addition, a heater and a filter screen are installed in the water spraying pot, windshield washer fluid is filtered and heated, the nozzle is prevented from being blocked, the water yield and the fan-shaped spraying effect are guaranteed, cleaning is more thorough, the observation sight of a driver is improved, and driving safety is guaranteed.

The utility model provides an instant automobile windshield washer fluid heating device, which relates to the technical field of heating devices and comprises a water tank, a water pump, a flow sensor, an environment temperature sensor, a heater controller, a heater, a water pipe and a nozzle. The water tank is connected with the water pump; the water pump is respectively connected with the heater controller and the flow sensor; the flow sensor is connected with the heater controller; a heating resistance wire is arranged in the heater and is used for heating windshield washer fluid flowing through the cross section of the heater; the heater is controlled by the heating controller; the glass water flow sensor is arranged in a water pipeline between the water pump and the heater; the environment temperature sensor is arranged below a front windshield water chute; the heater controller controls the heater through a glass water flow signal collected by the flow sensor and an environment temperature signal collected by the environment temperature sensor.

The utility model relates to the technical field of windshield washer fluid filling, and discloses a movable windshield washer fluid filling machine which comprises a filling machine box body and universal wheels, a driving button for controlling the device is arranged at the top of the filling machine box body, and a pushing handle for pushing the filling machine box body is arranged outside the filling machine box body. The device is moved to a proper position through the arranged universal wheels, windshield washer fluid in the filling water pipe in the filling machine box body is injected into an automobile through the arranged filling water pipe, so that the device can be moved to a required position during use, and does not need to be installed at a specific position with a power interface; the use flexibility and range of the device are improved, windshield washer fluid can be injected into a vehicle when the vehicle is parked at a far position, convenience is brought to a user, the situation that the injector is too long, a measuring cup or a bottle does not need to be filled into a glass kettle of the vehicle after being full is avoided, and convenience, safety and environmental protection are guaranteed for the user.

The invention discloses multifunctional windshield washer fluid as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The windshield washer fluid contains siloxane with terminal reactive groups. The windshield washer fluid provided by the invention has good anti-icing performance, the adhesion strength of ice on the glass surface after the windshield washer fluid is applied is reduced by more than 10 times, and the windshield washer fluid has obvious anti-icing effect. The glass water disclosed by the invention can be sprayed at the temperature of-20 DEG C, so that an anti-fouling and anti-icing coating can be quickly formed on the surface of glass to meet the requirement of keeping the surface of the glass clean at low temperature in winter, and the low-adhesion effect of a solid pollution agent on the surface of the glass can be realized under extreme conditions; the deicing device is suitable for simple and rapid deicing of the glass surface in a glass icing environment in winter in northern China. A coating formed by the windshield washer fluid is small in surface tension and excellent in lubricating property, the friction force between glass and a wiper blade can be reduced, and then the service life of a windscreen wiper is effectively prolonged.

The utility model relates to a windshield washer fluid supplementing device and a vehicle. The device comprises a liquid collector, a windshield washer fluid mixing container, a blending agent container, a windshield washer fluid container, an electric valve, a first water pump and a second water pump. When the stock of the windshield washer fluid in the windshield washer fluid container is low, the windshield washer fluid in the windshield washer fluid mixing container is pumped into the windshield washer fluid container through a second water pump to be supplemented, and when the stock of the windshield washer fluid in the windshield washer fluid mixing container is low, the liquid in the liquid collector is supplemented into the windshield washer fluid mixing container by opening an electric valve. Opening a first water pump to pump the blending agent in the blending agent container into the windshield washer fluid mixing container, so that the liquid and the blending agent are mixed in the windshield washer fluid mixing container to form windshield washer fluid which is used as a supplementary solution of the windshield washer fluid container. According to the windshield washer fluid supplementing device, the windshield washer fluid can be automatically supplemented, the frequency of manually adding the windshield washer fluid by a user is effectively reduced, and the convenience of using the automatic glass cleaning function by the user is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a filter assembly (1) for a windshield washer fluid reservoir (10). The assembly comprises a tubular part (2) for connection to a pump and a hollow filter element (3) with an inlet fixed to the tubular part (2) and in fluid communication therewith. The hollow filter element (3) is configured, upon insertion through a hole in the windshield washer fluid reservoir (10), to assume an insertion configuration (3a), in which it is bent to at least partially surround the tubular part (2). The hollow filter element (3) is configured to elastically return to an operating configuration, in which it protrudes radially relative to the tubular part (2). Figure for abstract: FIG. 8.

TITLE: Windshield Wiper Device A windshield wiper device for cleaning a vehicle window comprising at least one wiper blade extending between a longitudinal extension direction and a set of nozzle elements (100) for applying a liquid, in particular windshield washer fluid, to the window, the nozzle elements (100) being distributed on the wiper blade along the longitudinal extension direction. The wiper device is characterized in that the wiper blade has at least one first longitudinal segment (70a) and at least one second longitudinal segment (70b), * in the first longitudinal segment (70a), the nozzle density relative to the longitudinal extension direction is lower than that of the second longitudinal segment (70b) of the same wiper blade. Figure 1

The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid storage and transportation, in particular to split charging equipment which comprises a base and a split charging assembly, and the split charging assembly comprises a mounting frame, a conveying belt, a driving part, two connecting rods, two clamping plates and an injection part. The mounting frame is fixedly connected with the base and located at the top of the base; the conveying belt is arranged on the mounting frame; the driving part is arranged at the top of the base; the two connecting rods are arranged on two sides of the driving part in a mirroring manner; the two clamping plates are fixedly connected with the two connecting rods correspondingly, and the injection part is arranged on the top of the base. A container is placed on the conveying belt, the conveying belt conveys the container to the position below the injection part and then stops running, the driving part drives the two connecting rods to get close to each other, the two connecting rods drive the two clamping plates to move to get close to the container, the two clamping plates are used for clamping and fixing the container, and then the injection part injects windshield washer fluid into the container. And the container can be prevented from toppling under the limitation of the two clamping plates, so that the windshield washer fluid subpackaging work can be smoothly carried out.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of blending devices, and particularly relates to a windshield washer fluid blending device with a blending function, which comprises a blending tank, fixing parts are fixedly connected around the blending tank, support legs are fixedly connected below the fixing parts, the bottom of the blending tank is communicated with a discharge pipe, one side of the discharge pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the other side of the discharge pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve. A connecting piece is fixedly mounted at the top of the blending tank, a sheath is fixedly mounted on the connecting piece, and a speed reducer is mounted on the sheath. By means of the precise structural design, efficient and uniform stirring is guaranteed, the stirring blades, the scraping pieces and the rotating pieces at different angles work together, materials are fully mixed, precise batching is achieved through the flow control valve of the liquid inlet pipe, the quality of windshield washer fluid is guaranteed, the shape of the blending tank is beneficial to stirring and discharging, the blending efficiency and quality are improved through the whole device, and the production cost is reduced. And different requirements can be met, meanwhile, manual operation errors are reduced, and good practicability and economical efficiency are achieved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of windshield washer fluid production, in particular to a filtering device which comprises a bottom plate, a material receiving box, a filtering mechanism and a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprises a motor, a screw rod, an adapter ring, a surrounding plate and a drainage plate, the material receiving box is used for storing windshield washer fluid filtered from a screening hopper of the filtering mechanism, and when the windshield washer fluid drips from the filtering mechanism, the adapter ring is connected with the drainage plate. The motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod drives the adapter ring to move upwards through screw-thread fit, the adapter ring drives the surrounding plate to slide upwards on the material receiving box, and therefore the depth of the material receiving box is increased, and the situation that glass water dripping to the bottom of the material receiving box is splashed out after being impacted in the material receiving box is avoided; the glass water can flow into the material receiving box again due to the gravity, the drainage plate at the top of the material receiving box guides the glass water remaining on the side wall of the surrounding plate, and the problem that the filtered glass water is splashed out of the material receiving box due to the fact that the filtered glass water collides with the inner bottom of the material receiving box when dripping into the material receiving box from the screening hopper is solved.

1. Name of the product in this design: Packaging Bottle (AA-12). 2. Purpose of this design: To contain all high-purity automotive fluids, including lubricating oil, coolant, brake fluid, transmission fluid, windshield washer fluid, automotive urea, and other automotive liquids. 3. The key design feature of this product is its shape. 4. The image or photograph that best illustrates the design's key points: a 3D model.

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant anti-freezing automobile windshield washer fluid and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of automobile maintenance supplies. The cleaning agent comprises the following components: 15%-30% of methanol and ethanol, 8%-15% of ethylene glycol, 0.05%-0.2% of an OP-10 surfactant, 0.5%-2% of glycerol, 0.2%-1% of sodium chloride, 0.01%-0.04% of pigment, 0.01%-0.04% of essence, 0.2%-0.5% of triethanolamine, 0.01%-0.02% of a polydimethylsiloxane defoaming agent and 60%-70% of deionized water, wherein the ratio of ethanol to methanol is 2: 1. The automobile windshield washer fluid provided by the invention adopts a self-developed formula, meets the requirements of cleaning performance and safety stability, can realize a better low-temperature anti-freezing effect, has a freezing point of less than or equal to-30 DEG C, can quickly dissolve frost, is more efficient to use, and is suitable for the situation that an automobile is outdoors for a long time in winter.

The invention relates to a filter assembly (1) for a windshield washer fluid reservoir (10). The assembly comprises a tubular part (2) for connection to a pump and a hollow filter element (3) with an inlet fixed to the tubular part (2) and in fluid communication therewith. The hollow filter element (3) is configured, upon insertion through a hole (11) into a windshield washer fluid reservoir (10), to assume an insertion configuration (3a), in which it is bent to at least partially surround the tubular part (2). The hollow filter element (3) is configured to elastically return to an operating configuration (3b), in which it protrudes radially relative to the tubular part (2). Figure for abstract: FIG. 8.

The utility model relates to a windshield washer fluid filling pipe and a vehicle, the windshield washer fluid filling pipe is used for guiding windshield washer fluid to enter a windshield washer fluid tank, the windshield washer fluid filling pipe comprises a pipe body, a cover body and a water blocking groove, the pipe body is provided with a filling port, the cover body covers the filling port, and the water blocking groove is arranged on the peripheral side of the pipe body in a surrounding mode; the glass water receiving part is used for receiving glass water flowing down along the peripheral side of the pipe body. According to the glass water tank, the water blocking groove is additionally formed near the filling port, when glass water is added into the glass water tank through the filling port, even if the glass water spills out of the filling port, the glass water can flow into the water blocking groove under the drainage effect of the peripheral side of the glass water filling pipe, and therefore the spilled glass water is prevented from flowing into a cabin, and the risk of security and disaster prevention is reduced. And electric parts in the cabin do not need to be arranged at the position far away from the filling port, so that the arrangement space of the electric parts is expanded.

1. The name of this design product: Car windshield washer fluid packaging barrel (2.1L round). 2. Purpose of this design product: used to store car windshield washer fluid. 3. The key point of the design of this product lies in its shape. 4. The picture or photo that best illustrates the design points: three-dimensional picture.

The utility model discloses a civil aviation airport weak current construction safety alarm device, and relates to the safety alarm device field, the civil aviation airport weak current construction safety alarm device comprises a control box, the side end of the control box is connected with a support rod, the lower end of the support rod is provided with a camera, and the camera is provided with a camera. The lower end of the camera is connected with a transparent glass protective cover, and the side end of the control box is connected with a fixing frame. A water suction pump and a water spraying head are started to spray windshield washer fluid to the transparent glass protective cover to clean the transparent glass protective cover, a rotating motor is started to enable an arc pipe and an arc rod to rotate at the outer end of the transparent glass protective cover, so that a cleaning brush cleans the transparent glass protective cover, and dust at the outer end of the transparent glass protective cover can be cleaned; the problem that according to an existing civil aviation airport weak current construction safety alarm device, a lens of a safety observation camera is prone to being polluted by a large amount of dust caused by takeoff and landing of an airplane, and camera observation can be blocked is solved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of windscreen wipers, and discloses an automobile pressurizing water spraying windscreen wiper which comprises a PE water pipe, one end of the PE water pipe is provided with a filtering one-way valve, the other end of the PE water pipe is fixedly arranged on a water inlet in a sleeved mode, and the water inlet is fixed to the outer side of a memory main elastic piece in a penetrating mode. According to the windshield wiper, windshield washer fluid can be pressurized while water is sprayed through the self-water-spraying effect, the windshield washer fluid is atomized through the spraying head to clean stains and residual dust on a windshield, meanwhile, the situation that the windshield wiper scratches the windshield in a dry mode is avoided, and the windshield wiper is convenient to use. On the premise that the original design structure of an automobile is not changed, linkage control of the water spraying windscreen wiper and the water spraying windscreen wiper is achieved, using convenience is improved, normal work of the water spraying windscreen wiper in cold weather is guaranteed, and the problems that an existing automobile water spraying windscreen wiper is unstable in cleaning effect and inconvenient to maintain when used are solved.

This invention relates to the field of windshield washer fluid technology, specifically to a composite automotive windshield washer fluid with high and low temperature stability and its preparation method. The method involves preparing methanol, ethylene glycol, a crystallization modifier, a compound corrosion inhibitor, a surfactant, a dye, and deionized water. In a dedicated reaction apparatus, a portion of deionized water and all of the ethylene glycol are added and stirred until homogeneous. The crystallization modifier and compound corrosion inhibitor are then added and stirred until dissolved to form an intermediate liquid. Methanol, the remaining deionized water, the surfactant, and the dye are added to the intermediate liquid and stirred continuously at room temperature to ensure homogeneity of the components. The mixture is then filtered and bottled as the finished product. This invention overcomes the bottlenecks of traditional single-methanol systems in terms of "partial crystallization" and "evaporation loss," maintaining a homogeneous liquid state even at -25℃ to -30℃, thus solving the problem of low-temperature nozzle clogging. Simultaneously, due to the addition of ethylene glycol and the action of the polymer modifier, the product's boiling point exceeds 100℃, ensuring stable performance even at high summer temperatures, achieving a comprehensive effect of "low-temperature anti-crystallization, high-temperature anti-evaporation, and year-round usability."

Vehicle sunroof drain pipe cleaning assembly and vehicle comprising such an assembly. The invention relates to a vehicle sunroof drain pipe cleaning assembly (49) for a motor vehicle (1), comprising: - a sunroof (3) drainage system (7) including a water collection tray arranged to collect water that seeps between said sunroof and a fixed part (9) of the roof, and including at least one drainage pipe (11) connected to discharge ports (13) of said collection tray, - a windshield washer system (23), including a windshield washer fluid supply device (35) and at least one windshield washer hose (31, 33) connected to said supply device (35). According to the invention, the assembly (49) includes at least one connecting hose (51) supplied by said supply device (35) and connecting said device to at least one drainage pipe of said drainage system. Figure 1

The invention is applicable to the related technical field of windshield washer fluid processing, and provides an automobile windshield washer fluid processing and blending device and a processing method thereof, and the device comprises a blending box body which is provided with a blending part for blending; the plurality of storage box bodies are arranged above the blending box body; the discharging pump is arranged at the upper end of the storage box body and used for controlling the discharging amount in the blending box body, and the first scraping unit is used for scraping off ingredients adhered to the inner wall of a discharging pipe; the first scraping unit comprises a scraping air cylinder which is arranged on the blending box body, the output end of the scraping air cylinder is fixedly connected with a scraping block, the side face of the scraping block is attached to the inner wall of the discharging pipe, and the scraping air cylinder is used for driving the scraping block to compress the inner space of the discharging pipe so as to scrape ingredients attached to the inner wall of the discharging pipe into the blending box body; the first scraping unit drives the scraping block to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the discharging pipe through the scraping air cylinder, residual ingredients in the pipe are directly pushed to the blending box, and residue accumulation is avoided.

A motor vehicle (1) windshield washer reservoir (3) comprises a reservoir body adapted to hold windshield washer fluid, mounting elements adapted to fix it between the right front wheel fender support and the right front bumper, and a mounting bracket for a vehicle audible warning system (9). Figure to be published with the abbreviation: Fig 1

The utility model discloses a pressure release valve of a vehicle and the vehicle with the pressure release valve, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. Comprising a valve body, a valve plate and a silencer, the valve body is provided with an air outlet channel, the air outlet channel is used for guiding air in a vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, the valve plate is rotatably arranged on the valve body and selectively opens or blocks the air outlet channel, and a first cavity and a second cavity are defined by the silencer; the first cavity communicates with the air outlet channel, the interior of the vehicle and the second cavity, and the second cavity communicates with the interior of the vehicle and the air outlet channel. The first cavity and the second cavity which are communicated with the air outlet channel and the interior of the vehicle are formed in the silencer, so that the pressure relief area of the pressure relief valve can be increased, the pressure relief capacity of the pressure relief valve is enhanced, the risk that noise is caused due to the fact that redundant pressure flows out of a windshield washer fluid or an oil filler cap of the vehicle is reduced, disturbance sound at the pressure relief valve can be reduced, and the service life of the vehicle is prolonged. The NVH performance of the vehicle can be improved, and the vehicle using experience of a user can be improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of windshield washer fluid processing, in particular to preparation equipment, which is characterized in that a preparation tank is fixedly mounted on a support plate, a feed port is arranged on one side of the preparation tank, a discharge pipe is communicated with the preparation tank, a control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, a main shaft is rotatably mounted in the preparation tank, and a motor is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the preparation tank. The stirring blades are fixedly installed on the main shaft, the sliding cylinder is installed on the main shaft in a sliding mode through the lifting assembly, a stirring frame is arranged on the sliding cylinder, and the stirring frame on the sliding cylinder is driven to move up and down through the lifting assembly while the main shaft drives prepared raw materials to be circumferentially stirred through the stirring blades. By arranging the stirring frame, the preparation raw materials at the upper layer and the lower layer in the preparation tank are fully mixed, so that the preparation raw materials can be better mixed at the upper layer and the lower layer through the lifting of the stirring frame while the preparation raw materials are circumferentially stirred.

Motor vehicle comprising a fluid container supported by a powertrain support. The invention relates to a motor vehicle (1) comprising a body structure (2) defining an engine compartment (4) in which extends at least one side member (3), a wheel arch element (10) mounted on the body structure between a wheel of the vehicle and the engine compartment, and a fluid container (20), in particular a windshield washer fluid reservoir. The engine compartment receives a powertrain connected to the side member of the body structure by a powertrain support (5). The fluid container is supported by the wheel arch element and by a protrusion (7) of the powertrain support. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

The utility model discloses an automotive ball head nozzle which comprises a nozzle body, an inserting piece is arranged in the nozzle body in an inserted mode, a water inlet is formed in one end of the inserting piece, a water outlet is formed in the other end of the inserting piece, a water flowing channel is formed in the middle of the inserting piece, and the water flowing channel and the interior of the nozzle body mutually form a water flowing channel. A baffle plate is arranged at the end, close to the water outlet, in the water flowing channel and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the water flowing channel, and flow dividing grooves are formed between the two ends of the baffle plate and the interior of the water flowing channel. The problems that a traditional nozzle is uneven in spraying and poor in windshield washer fluid dispersion effect during use are solved, so that the windshield washer fluid can be better dispersed, the dispersion atomization effect of the windshield washer fluid is improved, the windshield washer fluid can fall on an automobile windshield more evenly, and the cleaning effect on the windshield is improved.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly anti-freezing automobile windshield washer fluid with efficient cleaning capability and a preparation method thereof, the environment-friendly anti-freezing automobile windshield washer fluid comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.25-1 part of nonionic, 1-3 parts of anionic surfactant and the like, and the pH is regulated to 6.5-7.5 by using a pH regulator. The cleaning agent has the obvious advantages that the nonionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant are compounded, so that high water hardness tolerance is provided, dirt is prevented from being redeposited, the antistatic property is improved, a stable dispersion system is formed, and efficient decontamination is achieved; the components have good biocompatibility or degradability, and are pollution-free and harmless; the corrosion to automobile part metal is extremely low, and an organic coating and rubber are not influenced; by adding a small amount of efficient preservative, long-acting antibacterial and mildew-proof effects can The pH value is moderate, the freezing point is smaller than or equal to-33 DEG C, extreme weather can be adapted, the decontamination rate is larger than or equal to 97.5%, and the existing technical problems are comprehensively solved.

The utility model discloses an automobile kettle, and relates to the field of automobile parts. The automobile kettle comprises a kettle body, the top of the kettle body is fixedly communicated with a filling pipe, and the automobile kettle further comprises a nut detachably connected to the filling pipe; the liquid inlet cylinder is fixedly connected to the nut; the special design of the liquid inlet cylinder is adopted, the conical upper end portion of the liquid inlet cylinder can pierce a plastic bottle opening sealing film to build a communication channel, sealing piercing is achieved, the possibility that external dust and other pollutants enter windshield washer fluid is reduced, the cleanliness of the windshield washer fluid is guaranteed, the follow-up cleaning effect of a windshield is improved, and meanwhile the cleaning effect of the windshield washer fluid is improved. The multiple liquid inlets which are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference are matched with gravity or slight extrusion to achieve filling, the problem that windshield washer fluid spills and leaks due to careless operation in a traditional pouring mode is solved, windshield washer fluid waste and the corrosion risk to parts of an engine compartment are reduced, cleanliness and safety of the engine compartment are guaranteed, and the whole filling process is more convenient, rapid and efficient.

Device (101, 120) for determining an estimated value for the fill level of a windshield washer fluid reservoir (105) of a windshield washer system of a vehicle (100); wherein the device (101, 120) is configured, - To determine operating data (121) relating to the operation of the wiper system; wherein the operating data (121) display measured values ​​for the following measured variables - a service life of a pump (103) of the wiper system, which is designed to pump wiper water (107) from the wiper water reservoir (105); and - an electrical power consumed by the pump (103) during a pumping operation; and - a time course of an on-board voltage of an electrical on-board network of the vehicle (100) during a pumping process; and - to determine the estimated value for the fill level of the windshield washer fluid reservoir (105) based on the operating data (121) using a machine-learned estimation model (122).

The invention provides a device for dispensing windshield washer fluid (3) for a motor vehicle, comprising a reservoir (9) for storing the fluid, said reservoir (9) having a fluid inlet (11) for filling and a fluid outlet for dispensing, characterized in that it has a neck (15) having a first end (15a) connected to said fluid inlet (11) and a second free end (15b) through which filling is carried out, the second end (15b) being accessible from outside the vehicle and closed by a closure means (19) movable from a closed position to a retracted position of the closure means (19). Figure 3 (for the abstract)