The invention relates to a method and a device for fast measuring the coal bed gas pressure through upward remote-distance hole drilling. According to the method, firstly, high-pressure grouting is carried out on each rock stratum under the coal bed to be tested through hole drilling, various cracks are blocked, then, the drilling is carried out into the coal bed, a four-way pipe is inserted, in addition, a capsule hole sealing device provided with a gas pipe, a grouting pipe and a water filling joint is connected to a position near a hole opening of the drilling hole, firstly, a manual pressure test pump is used for filling water into the capsule hole sealing device through a water filling joint so that the capsule hole sealing device is expanded, and the drilling hole is pre-sealed; then, a low-pressure hole sealing pump is connected with the grouting pipe, cement slurry is filled into the drilling hole, after the cement slurry overflows from the gas pipe through the four-way pipe, a pressure meter is connected onto the gas pipe arranged at the hole opening part, and the coal bed gas pressure can be measured. The method and the device can be used for measuring the upward coal bed gas pressure with the distance within 50m, the roadway engineering dug for coal bed gas pressure measurement can be reduced, the measuring equipment is simple, and the operation is simple and convenient.