A Stannic Oxide Microballoon with Controllable Crystallite Dimension and its Preparation Method and Application

Abstract

This invention involves a kind of stannic oxide microballoon with controllable crystallite dimension and its preparation method and application. This stannic oxide microballoon is composed of stannic oxide microcrystal with fine crystallinity through self-assembly. The grain size of stannic oxide microcrystal is adjustable within range of 5-30nm. The diameter of stannic oxide microballoon is 200-400nm and its specific surface area >40m2 / g; During preparation, add concentrated hydrochloric acid and tin source into the mixed solution of normal propyl alcohol and water in order, forming the transparent homogeneous solution; Conduct solvothermal reaction; After the reaction ends, take out the sediment, wash and separate it. Being compared with the current technology, this invention has simple and easy process route, which does not need surface active agent. And the multilevel structure Sno2 microballoon with equally distributed dimension can be gotten through one-step method, which is composed of stannic oxide microcrystal through self-assembly. Also, the dimension of Sno2 microcrystal can be adjusted and controlled through adjusting the alcohol / water proportion in the reaction system. The microballoon has features of high specific area and submicron level dimension, which has wide application prospect in areas of solar cell, lithium ion battery and photocatalysis.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of advanced inorganic nanometer materials, and relates to a tin dioxide microsphere with controllable crystallite size, a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] SnO 2 It is a wide-bandgap n-type semiconductor material with a bandgap of 3.6eV, good chemical stability, fast electron migration, and high visible light transmittance. It is used in new solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, gas sensors, and transparent conductive materials. And the field of photocatalysis has broad application prospects. Therefore, it is of great significance to synthesize tin dioxide nanomaterials with controllable size, shape and structure. [0003] SnO with a grain size of a few nanometers or tens of nanometers 2 Particles have high specific surface area and more active sites, so more physical and chemical properties can be endowed to them. However, there are many problems in th...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there are many problems in the practical application of small-sized grains: for example, small grains are very easy to agglomerate, which reduces its reactivity; the size of small grains is much smaller than the wavelength of visible light, and it is not easy to use it as a solar cell photoanode material. Conducive to the capture of sunlight; compared with (sub)micron-sized materials, small nano-sized grains are not easy to recycle; small particles are densely packed, which is not conducive to the penetration of ions, electrolyte solutions or other reaction systems

Peining Zhu et al. used crystalline tin chloride as the tin source and lithium salt as the pore-forming agent to synthesize mesoporous hierarchical SnO by the molten salt method. 2 Microspheres, when used in dye-sensitized solar cells, not only have a high surface area to adsorb dyes, but also have a submicron size to improve the light scattering ability of the battery. However, the size of the microspheres obtained by this high-temperature solid-state method is very uneven, and the microspheres can Can remain impurities (Chem.Commun.,2012,48,10865–10867)

Yu-Fen Wang et al. used crystalline stannous chloride as the tin source and ethylenediamine as the morphology modifier, and synthesized mesoporous hierarchical SnO by ultrasonic combined with solvothermal two-step. 2 Microspheres, but the size of the microspheres obtained by this method is large (about 2.2 microns), and the size of the microspheres is not uniform (J. Power Sources, 2015, 280, 476–482)

Guanglu Shang et al. used stannous sulfate as tin source to solvothermally synthesize the multi-level structure SnO 2 Microspheres, but the size distribution of microspheres is not uniform, and the diameter distribution is wide, ranging from 100 to 800nm. In addition, the crystallinity of nanocrystalline particles as the basic constituent units of microspheres is not ideal (J.Phys.Chem.C 2012 ,116,20140-20145)

[0005] The above studies have shown that the hierarchical structure of SnO 2 Microspheres have a wide range of application prospects, but there is currently no good way to synthesize SnO with uniform size distribution (monodisperse or quasi-monodisperse) 2 Microspheres, and the size control of nanocrystalline particles as the basic unit of microspheres are also rarely mentioned-in fact, this is a key part that affects the surface area and active sites of microspheres

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