Disclosed is a method for separating and recycling selenium and tellurium from copper anode mud. The method includes: performing soda sintering on the copper anode mud or copper-removed anode mud obtained after copper removing is performed on the copper anode mud, adding water into the sintered material for leaching, and filtering to obtain selenium-rich leachate and tellurium-rich leach residues; subjecting the selenium-rich leachate to sodium carbonate separating and recycling, using sodium sulfite or SO2 to revivify and recycle selenium in the selenium-rich leachate or filtrate, filtering to obtain rough selenium powder, and further refining the rough selenium powder to obtain metal selenium; leaching the tellurium-rich leach residues via a sulfuric acid solution, filtering to obtain acid leachate and acid leach residues; subjecting the acid leachate to silver separating through chlorination, using sodium sulfite or SO2 to revivify and precipitate tellurium in the chlorinated acid leachate, filtering to obtain rough tellurium powder, and further refining the rough tellurium powder to obtain metal tellurium. The method has the advantages that by the integral redesign of the process and the mutual cooperation of the steps, the process route for separating and recycling the selenium and the tellurium from the copper anode mud is simplified greatly, environmental protection pressure during a copper anode mud processing process is alleviated greatly, and the method conforms to the development tendency of energy saving and emission reduction technical transformation; the method is simple in process, simple to operate, low in production cost, high in selenium and tellurium recycling rate, good in working environment, suitable for industrialized application, and the like.