The invention discloses a processing method of functional brown sugar rich in polyphenols. The processing method comprises following steps: sugarcane is juiced so as to obtain a raw material liquid, lime milk is added, and an obtained mixture is heated so as to obtain a heated raw material solution; a first-grade ceramic membrane is used for filtering so as to obtain a first grade membrane clear juice and a first grade membrane condensed juice; a second membrane is used for filtering so as to obtain a second membrane grade clear juice and a polyphenols-enriched second grade membrane condensed juice; and the polyphenols-enriched second grade membrane condensed juice is used for producing the functional brown sugar rich in polyphenols, wherein at least one or a plurality of ingredients selected from colla corii asini, red date, longan, Angelica sinensis, Radix Codonopsis, Chinese wolfberry, bulbus lilii, herba leonuri, and ginger are taken as functional ingredients, and are decocted with water so as to obtain a solution, or dried and smashed into powder, the polyphenols-enriched second grade membrane condensed juice is subjected to evaporation concentration and is mixed with the solution or the powder, and sugar boiling, graining, moulding, and packaging are carried out so as to obtain the functional brown sugar rich in polyphenols. According to the processing method, effective enrichment of polyphenols is realized, a plurality of functional ingredients which can be taken as both medicine and food are added, the content of polyphenols is 4 to 8 times higher than that of brown sugar obtained via traditional technology, and brown sugar quality and nutrient value are improved.