Secondary aluminum battery and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary aluminum battery and a preparation method thereof. The material of the positive electrode of the battery is organic polysulfide, the material of the negative electrode is aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the electrolyte is halogen aluminic acid ionic liquid; and the organic polysulfide is polysulfide carbine, thereby solving the problems that the elementary active substance is bad in conductivity and the frame is collapsed due to the dissolving of the reducing product. The electrolyte used is non-aqueous ionic liquid so that no oxide film, corrosive product or colloidal secondary product can be produced on the surface of the aluminum negative electrode so as to reduce the capacity loss of the negative electrode; the oxidation reduction reaction of the aluminum electrode in the electrolyte is reversible; and the battery is rechargeable. The preparation method for the secondary aluminum battery comprises the following steps: (1) preparing positive active material paste; (2) coating the positive active material paste on a foam nickel base, baking the paste and rolling the base into a positive plate; (3) rolling the positive plate, glass fiber non-woven membrane and the negative electrode made by taking any one of aluminum powder, aluminum foil and aluminum alloy as the negative active material into a battery core and arranging the battery core in a nickel-plated steel shell; then adding organic electrolyte in the steel shell; and sealing the steel shell to make the AA-type cylindrical secondary aluminum battery. The invention further discloses a preparation method for the positive material polysulfide carbyne of the battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a secondary aluminum battery and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The rapid development of new power sources such as smaller, lighter and higher-performance electronic and communication equipment, electric vehicles, and wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, etc., has put forward higher and higher requirements for the battery performance of the supporting power supply. Currently commercialized lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries can no longer meet these requirements. There is an urgent need to develop power batteries and energy storage batteries with the characteristics of high energy, low cost, long life, green environmental protection, abundant battery material resources, and recyclable utilization. Secondary aluminum-sulfur batteries with aluminum metal or aluminum alloys as negative electrodes and sulfur-based mate...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This is because of many problems that aluminum electrodes will produce in aqueous electrolytes: (1) There is a strong affinity between aluminum alloys and oxygen. In air and aqueous solutions, a dense passivation oxide film is formed on the surface, making aluminum The electrode potential in the neutral solution does not reach the theoretical electrode potential, and the actual working potential of aluminum is much lower than the theoretical value, which also causes voltage hysteresis during discharge.

(2) Aluminum is a typical amphoteric metal with high activity and is easy to react with acid and alkali to destroy the oxide film. Once the oxide film is destroyed, it will be corroded quickly, which makes the utilization rate of the electrode low and the wet storage performance is low. Difference

(3) Aluminum has a large self-corrosion in alkaline solution, and it is prone to serious hydrogen evolution reaction with the medium, which reduces the utilization rate of the electrode and affects the normal operation of the battery

(4) In alkaline medium, the products of aluminum anode flow reaction and corrosion reaction are colloidal Al(OH) 3 , not only reduces the conductivity of the electrolyte but also increases the polarization of the aluminum anode, which deteriorates the performance of the aluminum battery

The polysulfides formed during discharge of lithium / sulfur batteries are easily soluble in the electrolyte, causing self-discharge and blocking the diaphragm. During charging, it is easy to form a passivation layer on the surface of the positive electrode active material, making it difficult for ions and electrons to migrate, thereby The specific capacity of the battery is reduced and the cycle life is very poor

[0009] However, this positive electrode material still has many shortcomings, which restrict the practical application of lithium / sulfur batteries: first, the electrical insulation of elemental sulfur leads to low utilization of active materials; The sulfide dissolves in the electrolyte and generates irreversible disordered sulfur, which causes the battery to self-discharge, increases the viscosity of the electrolyte, hinders ion diffusion, and the distribution of active substances in the electrode changes greatly, which may occur after many cycles The agglomeration phenomenon causes the capacity to decay rapidly and the cycle performance of the battery to decline rapidly