Method for treating lignocellulose raw material through steam explosion and producing biogas, cellulose and lignin simultaneously

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating lignocellulose raw material through steam explosion and producing biogas, cellulose and lignin simultaneously. The traditional utilization of the lignocellulose raw material only uses a single component and aims to produce a single product, thus the function of each component can not realized and the economic benefit is low. The method in the invention uses the steam explosion technology as a core, wherein hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin are separated from the lignocellulose raw material for high-value use. The method comprises the following steps: performing steam explosion on the lignocellulose raw material; degrading hemicellulose to soluble sugar; extracting soluble sugar with water for biogas fermentation, wherein lignin and cellulose are easy to separate when hemicellulose is removed; extracting high-concentration lignin with low concentration base; and leaving high concentration cellulose when hemicellulose and lignin are removed. The biogas produced by the method has low sulfur content and can be directly used; the extracted lignin can be used to produce resins, adhesives, rubber industry additives and the like; cellulose can be used for papermaking and preparing products such as polyol, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate and textile fibre. By adopting the method in the invention, the biomass of lignocellulose can be completely utilized and no pollutant is discharged; and the method is easy for industrialization operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for steam explosion treatment of biomass raw materials, in particular to a method for steam explosion treatment of lignocellulosic raw materials, belonging to the field of biochemical engineering. Background technique [0002] Lignocellulosic raw material is a huge renewable resource, mainly composed of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, each component has a wide range of uses: hemicellulose is a collection of pentose and hexose, after degradation It can be used by microorganisms to produce various fermentation products, such as biogas, oil, butanol, ethanol, etc., and can also produce furfural, xylo-oligosaccharides and other products; cellulose is a high polymer composed of glucose units, which is degraded into glucose. It can be used as a carbon source for microbial fermentation to produce various fermented products, such as lactic acid, oil, butanol, ethanol, etc. At the same time, cellulose itself is a polymer m...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, the traditional utilization of lignocellulosic raw materials often only aims to use a single component to produce a single product, and the rest of the components are used at low value or even treated as waste. Pollution. For example, the paper industry only uses cellulose components. The production process aims to obtain high-quality cellulose. During the production process, hemicellulose and lignin are severely damaged, which not only cannot be used for high-value use, but also causes environmental pollution.

The biogas fermentation of lignocellulosic raw materials has received extensive attention, but it is not successful at present, and has suffered serious setbacks in engineering practice. The main problems are as follows: 1. The cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of raw materials are closely combined , is difficult to be degraded by microorganisms, resulting in long gas production cycle and low efficiency; 2. The raw materials are easy to float on the feed liquid and cannot fully contact with the microorganisms, slowing down the reaction speed. At the same time, the crust of the floating raw materials prevents the biogas from escaping in time; 3. Most of them are fermented in traditional cellar pools, and the fermentation temperature and gas production rate cannot be controlled, resulting in an embarrassing situation where more gas is produced in summer and little or no gas is produced in winter

However, these processes use the whole lignocellulosic raw material as the raw material for biogas fermentation instead of using each component separately, resulting in the loss of economic benefits, and because the waste cannot be reused, the above methods still have the problem of secondary pollution

[0004] Chinese invention CN101148830A discloses a steam explosion-microwave coupling glycerol treatment method using lignocellulosic raw material-straw. Although its components are separated, the invention is still relatively complicated for straw, and an organic solvent glycerin is used , which increases the input cost, and the recovery method of glycerin is also relatively complicated, which increases the requirements for recovery equipment, which is not conducive to popularization and application

[0005] Therefore, there is still an urgent need in this field to further improve the utilization method of all components of lignocellulosic raw materials, that is, a simple and effective production process is needed: it can solve the economic problems caused by the inability to use lignocellulosic raw materials as a whole in the traditional process. The problem of loss and secondary pollution; it can also eliminate the problem that in the utilization of all components of lignocellulose raw materials in the prior art, due to the need to use organic solvents, the initial investment is large and the subsequent recovery has potential safety hazards

In addition, in this field, there is an urgent need to solve the problems of biogas fermentation of lignocellulosic raw materials: such as long gas production cycle and low efficiency; residues of floating raw material crusts; and large variations in gas production rate with seasons, etc.