Pretreatment method for preparation of biomass fuels by comprehensive utilization of all components of plant straw

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment method for preparation of biomass fuels by comprehensive utilization of all components of plant straw, and relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of all components of plant straw, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the steps: plant straw after being cut into sections is successively subjected to washing treatment for two times before and after steam explosion, steam explosion treatment, extrusion treatment, crushing treatment, pre-enzymolysis treatment, cracking treatment, and enzymolysis treatment, and finally a pre-product for preparing the biomass fuels is obtained; a straw washing liquid obtained after washing treatment and an extrusion liquid obtained after extrusion treatment are used for producing marsh gas, and a liquid, gas and solid biomass fuels can be obtained after the pre-product is treated. The method realizes separation and high-valued complete utilization of the all components of the plant straw, namely hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and a small amount of components, can achieve no pollutant emission, and has the advantages of easy industrialization operation, good economic benefits, and remarkable comprehensive social benefits.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a pretreatment method for preparing biomass fuel by comprehensive utilization of all components of plant stalks, in particular, to the comprehensive utilization of various components after pretreatment of plant stalks to prepare fuel ethanol, biological natural gas, and high-calorific value solid lignin fuel Methods. Background technique [0002] my country is rich in available biomass resources, and the annual output of crop straw alone can reach as much as 600 million tons. The growth cycle of crops is short and the yield is abundant. Therefore, plant straw, including crops, is a truly inexhaustible resource. Renewable biomass resources, however, during the evolution of plants, a strong microbial resistance mechanism has been formed inside them, such as directly producing biomass energy, which not only has a low utilization rate, but also causes waste of resources, so only after pretreatment, In order to improve the efficiency...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, most of the research on the utilization of plant straw raw materials in this field is limited to the use of a single component, and the remaining components are used at low value or even treated as waste. The resource advantages of each component are not fully utilized, and it is difficult to generate economic benefits or even waste. Serious pollution is caused. For example, the paper industry only uses cellulose components. The production process aims to obtain high-quality cellulose. During the production process, hemicellulose and lignin are severely damaged. Pollution

For example, the use of plant straw raw materials for biogas fermentation has been widely concerned. Although all the straw can be used for biogas fermentation, there are still the following problems: first, the microbial degradation rate is slow, the gas production cycle is long, and the efficiency is low; second, the straw raw materials float , the specific surface area in contact with microorganisms is small, and the reaction speed is slow. At the same time, the floating raw materials crust to prevent the escape of biogas; third, most of them use traditional cellar fermentation, which cannot control the fermentation temperature and gas production rate. Low or no gas production

[0008] The published patents of CN 1424459A and CN1680413A utilize the advantages of high boiling point of organic solvents such as 1.4-butanediol, easy recovery and recycling, etc., to detach lignin from cellulose and dissolve it in the solvent by heating and pressing, so as to realize lignin and fiber However, the price of 1.4-butanediol is relatively high, and the recycling system is complex, so there are technical problems such as high cost and difficulty in realizing industrial production

[0009] In the published CN 1806945A patent, after microwave-assisted ionic liquid pretreatment of steam-exploded wheat straw, the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of cellulose can reach 100% within 48-72 hours. Technical Problems in Realizing Industrialized Production

[0010] The published CN 102051383A patent document provides a method for steam explosion treatment of lignocellulosic raw materials to co-produce biogas, cellulose and lignin. Although the components are separated, low molecular weight water-soluble substances are volatilized and lost during the steam explosion process. And thermochemical changes occur, resulting in enzymatic fermentation inhibitors, resulting in a low sugar yield after enzymatic hydrolysis of the material, and because the separation of cellulose and lignin is treated with an alkaline solution, the concentration of the alkaline solution and the temperature of the alkaline extraction 1. Alkaline extraction requires high time and high equipment requirements, and produces alkaline refractory wastewater. Therefore, this method has technical problems such as high cost, complicated lignin preparation method, and difficult wastewater treatment, which is not conducive to popularization and application.

[0011] The disclosed CN101148830A patent provides a treatment method using lignocellulosic raw material-straw steam explosion-microwave coupling glycerol. Although its components are separated, the invention uses organic solvent glycerin for straw treatment, which increases the Input costs, and the recovery method of glycerin is also relatively complicated, which increases the requirements for recovery equipment, which is not conducive to promotion and application