Technology for coupling utilization and co-processing of organic and inorganic hazardous wastes

Abstract

The invention provides a technology for coupling utilization and co-processing of organic and inorganic hazardous wastes. The technology comprises the following steps: 1) pretreating raw materials; 2)blending and loading materials; 3) smelting in a smelting furnace; 4) treating exhaust gas. According to the invention, various organic and inorganic hazardous wastes are pretreated and blended and then are put into the smelting furnace for co-processing; the effective utilization of resources is extremely realized and the purpose of 'controlling pollution, generating no pollution, utilizing wastes and generating no wastes' is achieved in the manner of coupling utilization and co-processing of organic and inorganic hazardous wastes; an oxygen-enriching strengthening smelting process is adopted by the smelting furnace; a single system can be adopted for treating 100000t / a various inorganic hazardous wastes and 100000t / a various organic hazardous wastes; the total processing capacity is 200000t / a; the purpose of 'large-volume and multi-varieties' co-processing of various organic and inorganic hazardous wastes is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological protection and environmental protection management, and specifically relates to a process for coupling utilization and co-processing of organic and inorganic hazardous wastes. Background technique [0002] With the progress of society, petrochemical industry, electronic processing, fine chemical industry, pharmaceutical chemical industry, basic chemical raw material manufacturing, PBC industry, electroplating industry, metal surface treatment and other modern industrial industries are developing rapidly. A large amount of organic or inorganic waste residue and sludge are produced. Most of these wastes are hazardous wastes with characteristics of toxicity, corrosion, infectivity and flammability. If not handled properly, on the one hand, they will cause serious harm to the environment. , On the other hand, these hazardous wastes are also renewable and valuable resources that need to be utilized ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Inorganic hazardous wastes are generally sludges or residues containing valuable metals such as copper and nickel and other harmful metals. At present, such hazardous wastes are mainly disposed of by pyromelting process, and sludge with high moisture content is usually Through the drying-brick-reduction smelting and other disposal processes, the valuable metals in the hazardous waste are enriched into the blister copper alloy through reduction smelting and extracted, and other harmful components in the raw materials are melted and processed to form vitrified slag as building materials. In order to achieve the purpose of recycling and harmless treatment; but this process needs to consume a large amount of carbonaceous fuel in the process of drying and reduction smelting, and the energy consumption is very high, and the pyromelting process is mostly carried out in the traditional blast furnace. The secondary pollution in the production process is very large

[0004] Organic hazardous wastes include pharmaceutical wastes, pesticide wastes, waste organic solvents, waste mineral oils, distillation residues, dye coating wastes, organic resin wastes, photosensitive material wastes, incineration disposal residues, and waste catalysts. , the main components of these organic hazardous wastes are polymer compounds containing C and H, all of which have a certain calorific value. At present, incineration, landfill, cement kiln co-processing and other processes are mainly used for organic hazardous wastes. Among them: incineration It is a treatment method in which combustible organic waste is placed in a rotary incineration kiln to burn and oxidize it to decompose. The maximum processing capacity of this process single system is only 40,000 t / a, and the temperature of the incineration process is only 850-1100 °C, and the combustion process Unstable, resulting in a low incineration rate of organic pollutants in the incinerator, and the exhausted flue gas needs to use fuel in the secondary combustion chamber to raise the temperature of the flue gas to about 1100 ° C and stay for more than 2 seconds to completely eliminate harmful components. Once the operating temperature is not properly controlled, a large amount of dioxin will be produced. In addition, the fly ash produced by incineration is still hazardous waste, and the large amount of heat energy produced by incineration cannot be fully utilized; landfill is a method of burying solid waste underground. method, this method not only invades a large amount of land, but also the leachate and the odor emitted cause serious pollution to the soil, surface water, groundwater and the atmosphere; cement kiln co-processing is to put solid hazardous waste into the cement kiln, and in the process of cement Clinker production is a process for solid hazardous waste incineration. The biggest advantage of this process is low operating costs, but the existing problem is that the degree of resource utilization is low, and the heavy metal components in hazardous waste raw materials cannot be vitrified and melted. , the cement quality is difficult to guarantee

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