The invention discloses a knowledge graph construction method, a data processing device and a computer readable storage medium, which are applied to the field of knowledge relation construction. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining a graphic database comprising an entity definition, an entity relation definition and an attribute definition, and a medical treatment record of a user; extracting an entity, an entity relationship, an attribute and an attribute value pointed by the attribute in the medical treatment record; identifying an entity definition of an entity, an entity relationship definition of an entity relationship and an attribute definition of an attribute in the medical treatment record; and filling the entities, the entity relationship, the attributes and theattribute values in the medical treatment record into a graphic database to obtain a knowledge map. By establishing the knowledge graph, the complex and diverse association relationships between the data in the medical treatment record and the data can be extracted and stored in the form of the graphic database, so that a medical professional knowledge network is constructed, and the data acquisition efficiency is improved.