The present invention relates to a vision-based
system and method for relative positioning with respect to a
target surface, characterised in that it comprises: at least three reference markers (1) located on the
target surface on the vertices of an equilateral triangle (2) seen from an overhead view of said
target surface; at least one image forming device located on the object;
processing means configured to receive and process the captured images (4) and configured to either detect the reference markers (1) in the received image (4), or identify the
centroid (5) of a triangle (7) formed by the reference markers (1) in the received image (4), or circumscribe the reference markers (1) by means of a circumscribed
ellipse (6), or determine the relative position with respect to the target surface by means of the relationship between the circumscribed
ellipse (6) and the position of the reference markers (1).