A sensing-based communication method and an apparatus are provided, which are applied to a UWB-based WPAN
system, for example, the 802.15.4a protocol, the 802.15.4z protocol, the 802.15.4ab protocol, or the like in 802.15 series protocols; and may be further applied to a WLAN
system, a
sensing system, and the like in 802.11 series protocols including a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of 802.11ax like 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, and a next generation of 802.11be like Wi-Fi 8, or UHR. A transmit end obtains control information, and sends a sensing
signal based on the control information. Correspondingly, a receive end obtains the control information, and performs
processing based on the control information. The control information indicates M
cyclic shift bit quantities corresponding to M sequences, and at least two relative
cyclic shift bit quantities in relative
cyclic shift bit quantities between adjacent sequences in the M sequences are different. This effectively improves accuracy of a sensing result.