The invention discloses a nonlinear energy trap vibration absorbing device for whole satellite vibration suppression. The nonlinear energy trap vibration absorbing device comprises two geometric linear springs, a supporting linear spring, a mass block, a guide rail, a bracket and a bottom plate; the vibration absorbing device is installed along the wall of an adapter cone shell; and the mass blockmoves along the guide rail to drive the three linear springs to move to achieve the relatively-pure cubic stiffness characteristic, and a nonlinear energy trap device is formed to achieve the vibration absorption effect. The nonlinear energy trap vibration absorbing device is arranged on the wall of the adapter cone shell of a satellite, the linear springs are guided in the direction of the guiderail, and the longitudinal and transverse vibration suppression effect is achieved; and meanwhile, the nonlinear energy trap device is simple in structure and easy to adjust and install and has the advantages that the robustness is good, effective broadband vibration suppression can be achieved and an external power supply is not needed.