The invention discloses a synergistic insecticidal composition containing afidopyropen, wherein effective components of the synergistic insecticidal composition comprise afidopyropen and matrine with the mass ratio of 50:1-1:10, and the total mass content of the effective components in the composition is 3% to 65%. The composition can be made into a suspending agent, a suspension emulsion, a microemulsion, a water emulsion, a wettable powder, water dispersible granules or a microcapsule suspending agent which is allowed in agriculture. The synergistic insecticidal composition has reasonable components, has good effects on plant hopper, tea lesser leafhopper, thrips and other piercing-sucking type and rasping-sucking mouthpart pests on rice, tea leaves and vegetable crops; compared with a conventional single preparation, the synergistic insecticidal composition has significant insecticidal effects, has obvious synergistic effects, reduces the pesticide dosage, thereby reducing the cost and reducing pollution to the environment and facilitating governance for drug resistance of the pests; the synergistic insecticidal composition has great economic and social benefits in promotion and application.