The invention provides a borate silicate aluminate glass bead. The borate silicate aluminate glass bead comprises, by mass, 50 to 58% of silica, 3 to 8% of boron oxide, 5 to 10% of alumina, 12 to 18% of sodium oxide, 8 to 15% of calcium oxide, 0 to 1.5% of magnesium oxide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the borate silicate aluminate glass bead. The preparation method comprises a step of raw material preparation, wherein a raw material comprises, by weight, 2.6 to 2.7 parts of carbon black, 0.7 to 0.9 part of boric acid, 2 to 2.3 parts of a calcium salt, 1.6 to 1.8 parts of sodium nitrate, 2.5 to 2.8 parts of aluminium nitrate, 0.2 to 0.4 part of magnesium nitrate, and 0 to 0.1 part of alumina silicate. The preparation method possesses following advantages: the finished product yield is high, water flotation is not needed, flotation ratio is 99% or higher, the compressive strength is high, quality is stable, and the density and the compressive strength are high in uniformity.