Multi-block polyether type macromolecular surfactant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-block polyether type macromolecular surfactant as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The macromolecular surfactant is obtained by carrying out alkoxylation reaction and ring-opening polymerization reaction on a monofunctional raw material and a bifunctional raw material, and can be used as an anti-staining agent for denim fabrics. According to the invention, monofunctional polyether is used as an end-capping reagent, a completely-terminated alcohol ether inert solvent I and a Lewis acid catalyst are used to form a complex, and the alcohol ether inert solvent I is added, so that the molecular weight is regulated and controlled in the synthesis process, the temperature of the whole reaction system is effectively controlled, and reaction implosion is prevented; the molecular structure of the prepared macromolecular surfactant is rich in aromatic ring structures, so that the macromolecular surfactant is easier to generate intermolecular acting force with aromatic groups of organic dyes or pigments and is easier to adsorb on the surfaces of the organic dyes or the pigments, and therefore, the macromolecular surfactant has a better dispersion effect on the organic dyes or the pigments.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surfactant preparation, in particular to a multi-block polyether polymer surfactant and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The relative molecular weight of common surfactants is about several hundred, and the carbon number of lipophilic group is 10-18, also known as low-molecular surfactants. When the relative molecular mass increases to a certain extent, it is called a polymer surfactant. But there is no clear boundary between the two, and those with a relative molecular mass above 2000 are customarily called polymer surfactants. [0003] In 1951, Strass synthesized polymer surfactant for the first time. In 1954, the first synthetic polymer surfactant (trade name Pluronics, also known as Poloxamer, Pluronic, Pluronic) was commercialized as an industrial detergent. Since then, various artificially synthesized polymer surfactants have been successively developed and app...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The existing traditional polyether surfactants are all linear polyether surfactants formed by block polymerization or mixed polymerization of an initiator with active hydrogen and 1,2-alkylene oxide, and its molecular structure is relatively Simpler, polyether-type surfactants belonging to alkyl blocks, no aromatic groups in the molecule, and weak intermolecular interaction with the aromatic groups of organic dyes or pigments, so the dispersion effect on organic dyes or pigments is relatively weak Poor, and when used for anti-staining washing of denim fabrics, it will reduce the elasticity and quality of denim fabrics, and the anti-staining effect is average

[0005] In addition, it can be seen from the chemical reaction kinetics that the reaction temperature can be increased greatly, and the reaction speed can be greatly accelerated, and the ring-opening reaction of epoxy compound and hydroxyl group is an exothermic reaction. The higher the temperature, the faster the reaction speed and the greater the heat release, resulting in As the temperature rises further, the reaction speed is further accelerated. At a higher temperature, the by-products in the preparation process of polyether surfactants are more, which even leads to the risk of uncontrollable disordered detonation in the entire reaction, and the target cannot be obtained. products; and because of the rigidity of the aromatic ring, the viscosity of the epoxy compounds of aromatic-based epoxy compounds is very high. During the reaction process, the heat of reaction is very difficult to remove, the temperature is difficult to control, and disordered detonation reactions are prone to occur. The industry is still There is no technical solution that can effectively avoid the detonation reaction

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