The present application relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to an engineered small
extracellular vesicle hydrogel enriched with PD-L1 and
Siglec-15, and a preparation method and application thereof. The engineered small
extracellular vesicle hydrogel is simultaneously enriched with PD-L1 and
Siglec-15, and comprises a
hydrogel matrix and PDL1-
Siglec15-sEVs loaded in the
hydrogel matrix, wherein the PDL1-Siglec15-sEVs are small
extracellular vesicles overexpressing PD-L1 and Siglec-15. Compared with natural small
extracellular vesicles and traditional
wound treatment strategies, the engineered small
extracellular vesicle hydrogel of the present application can realize more precise
immune microenvironment regulation at the local wound by enriching PD-L1 and Siglec-15 in the vesicles, moderately inhibit excessive
inflammatory response, promote the
phenotype transformation of macrophages to a
phenotype conducive to tissue regeneration, help smooth transition from the inflammatory stage to the proliferation and reconstruction stage, and the hydrogel as a carrier can provide a moist healing environment and a three-dimensional
scaffold structure, significantly prolong the
residence time of the engineered small
extracellular vesicles at the local wound, and realize slow release.