The invention relates to chimeric
antigen receptors (CAR), particularly relates to dual-
signal independent chimeric
antigen receptors (dsCAR), and also relates to immune response cells of the dual-
signal independent chimeric
antigen receptors (dsCAR) and uses of the immune response cells in preparation of drugs for treatment of malignant tumor and
virus infected diseases. In detail, the dual-
signal independent chimeric
antigen receptors (dsCAR) can respectively identify two different family antigens of
tumor cells and can respectively transmit two T-
cell-activation related signals. One of the CAR can transmit a first T-
cell-activation related signal by
combing a ligand of a
tumor specific antigen or a tumor-associated antigen to decide T-
cell killing specificity, and the other CAR can transmit a second T-cell-activation related signal by
combing a ligand of a membrane
receptor (such as EGFR (
epidermal growth factor receptor) family
protein) widely expressed by the
tumor cells to promote
T cell activation, proliferation and survival. The dual-signal independent chimeric
antigen receptors (dsCAR) can avoid the potential safety problems on the basis of maintaining curative effects of second generation and
third generation CAR.